实例介绍
【实例简介】
GH bladed 是一种风机载荷分析软件 它本身的使用很复杂 需要一些参数的提前分析和计算 这个使用说明是GL 内部的东西 很有价值
Garrad Hassan and Partners Ltd Document: 1040/BR/OI ISSUE A CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 2 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE GENERIC 1.SMW WIND TURBINE 2.1 General Information 3 GENERAL ANALYSIS ISSUES 3.1 Co-ordinate Systems 3.2 Load points 3.3 Analytical Basis 3. 4 Bladed model 4 LOAD CASES 4.1 General notes on wind conditions for extreme load calculations 4.2 General notes on wind conditions for fatigue load calculations 4.3 Load cases 4.4 Over-ridden cases 4.5 Safety factor strategy 5 EXTREME LOADS 5. 1 Presentation of the extreme load da 5.2 EC IIA all extreme load cases included 6 FATIGUE LOADS 6. 1 Safety Factors 6.2 Integration of fatigue results 6.3 Damage Equivalent Loads at Blades, Tower and main bearing 6.4 Rainflow Cycle Exceedance Plots REFERENCES APPPENDA: TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF GENERIC TURBINE Garrad hassan and Partners ltd Document: 1040/BR/01 ISSUE A 1 INTRODUCTION The loading calculations to ieC class IIA [1] conditions presented in this document are applicable to a generic 1.5MW wind turbine mounted on a tubular tower with a hub height of 84m Garrad hassan and Partners ltd Document: 1040/BR/01 ISSUE A 2 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE GENERIC ISMW WIND TURBINE 2.1 General Information The machine is rated at 1.5MW. The 3 bladed upwind rotor is 70m in diameter and, for the purposes of thesc load calculations, mounted on an 82m metre high tubular stcel tower Power control is active using full span pitch control. Each blade has an independent pitch drive system A more complete description of the turbine is presented in Appendix a Garrad hassan and Partners ltd Document: 1040/BR/01 ISSUE A 3 GENERAL ANALYSIS ISSUES 3.1 Co-ordinate Systems The co-ordinate system is defined in the basic system: GL regulations [2] system and it is also shown in the figures below Radially along blade axis XB Perpendicular to ZB, and pointing towards XB the tower for an upwind turbine, or away YB from the tower for a downwind turbine(the picture shows an upwind turbine) YB ZB YB Perpendicular to blade axis and shaft axis, to YB B give a right-handed co-ordinate system independent of direction of rotation and rotor location upwind or downwind of the tower Origin At each blade station. Figure 3.1 Co-ordinate system for blade loads and deflections Hub loads in fixed frame of reference XN Along shaft axis, and pointing towards the tower for an upwind turbine, or away from the tower for a ZN M downwind turbine (the picture shows an upwind XN YN Perpendicular to XN, such that ZN would be YN XN ertically upwards if the tilt angle were zero YN Horizontal, to give a right-handed co-ordinate system independent of direction of rotation and rotor location upwind or downwind of the tower Hub loads in rotating frame of referene XN Along shaft axis, and pointing towards the tower for f downwind turbine (the picture shows an upwind Perpendicular to XN, such that ZN would be aligned with blade I axis if the cone angle were zero YN give a right-handcd dinate syste rotation and rotor location upwind or downwind of the to At hub cent of blade and shaft axes) Figure 3.2 Co-ordinate system for hub loads Garrad hassan and Partners ltd Document: 1040/BR/01 ISSUE A ZT Pointing South YT「YT Vertically upwards XT YT Pointing east Origin At each tower station Figure 3.3 Co-ordinate system for tower loads and deflections 3.2 Load points 3.2.1 Loads for design approval Loads are reported at the blade root the rotor centre the yaw bearing(nacelle coordinates) the tower top the tower base Garrad hassan and Partners ltd Document: 1040/BR/01 ISSUE A 3.3 Analvtical basis The methods are described in detail in 3. a brief overview is given below. Wind sh Standard power law model Turbulence Anisotropic von Karman model, 3] Wake modelling Dynamic wake for all cases with the exception of those performed with steady Stall modelling Stall hysteresis on the outboard 80% of the blade Bladed for windows interface version 3.51 DTBLADED version 2.63 oad contributions. General aerodynamic Self weigh Rotational inertial Modal tial 3.4 Bladed model The Bladed project file used in these calculations was developed by Garrad Hassan Garrad hassan and Partners ltd Document: 1040/BR/01 ISSUE A 4 LOAD CASES 4.1 General notes on wind conditions for extreme load calculations The wind conditions for extreme load calculations are presented in Table 4.1 4.2 General notes on wind conditions for fatigue load calculations The turbulent variation in wind speed has been modelled using a three component von Karman anisotropic model with a characteristic turbulence intensity of 18% at 15 m/s 4.3 Load cases The cases are tabulated in Table 4.2. The table gives the case namc, the initial turbine state, the initial conditions(wind speed, yaw error and pitch angle), and the details of any transient events or model of turbulence 44Oⅴer- ridden cases While identifying which cases should be simulated, it has been possible to eliminate whole groups of cases as cither not requiring simulation or being obviously more benign than other cases. A case can then be said to be over-ridden if that case has lower load factors and less arduous wind conditions and which can be assured to produce less extreme loads, than another case. The logic behind the over riding process is given for specific cases in Table 4.2 4.5 Safe fety factor strategy Partial safety factors for loads have been applied externally to the results of the dynamic simulations Table 4.3 summarises the safety factors that have been used in each load case 7 Garrad hassan and Partners ltd Document: 1040/BR/01 ISSUE A Table 4.1 DESIGN LOAD CASE PARAMETERS Rated Power, (Net Power) Prated 1500kW Rated hub-height wind speed, V 1.5 ∏A Hub height Hub-height extreme mean wind speed 42.5m 31.88n Hub-height extreme wind speed 59.5m/s 44.63 Hub-height operating wind speed range, V in to vout 3.5to25m/s Annual average wind speed at hub height-, Vave 8.5m/s Wind gradient, a 0.2 Vertical flow inclination 8 deg Idling pitch position 94 deg Parked pitch position 94 des Rotor mass imbalance( depends on blade tolerances 200 kgm Rotor aerodynamic imbalance (depends on blade tolerances) Blade 1 0 deg Blade 2 0.3 deg Blade 2 -0. 3 deg Structural damping Tower 0.5% Blade 0.7% 8 【实例截图】
【核心代码】
GH bladed 是一种风机载荷分析软件 它本身的使用很复杂 需要一些参数的提前分析和计算 这个使用说明是GL 内部的东西 很有价值
Garrad Hassan and Partners Ltd Document: 1040/BR/OI ISSUE A CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 2 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE GENERIC 1.SMW WIND TURBINE 2.1 General Information 3 GENERAL ANALYSIS ISSUES 3.1 Co-ordinate Systems 3.2 Load points 3.3 Analytical Basis 3. 4 Bladed model 4 LOAD CASES 4.1 General notes on wind conditions for extreme load calculations 4.2 General notes on wind conditions for fatigue load calculations 4.3 Load cases 4.4 Over-ridden cases 4.5 Safety factor strategy 5 EXTREME LOADS 5. 1 Presentation of the extreme load da 5.2 EC IIA all extreme load cases included 6 FATIGUE LOADS 6. 1 Safety Factors 6.2 Integration of fatigue results 6.3 Damage Equivalent Loads at Blades, Tower and main bearing 6.4 Rainflow Cycle Exceedance Plots REFERENCES APPPENDA: TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF GENERIC TURBINE Garrad hassan and Partners ltd Document: 1040/BR/01 ISSUE A 1 INTRODUCTION The loading calculations to ieC class IIA [1] conditions presented in this document are applicable to a generic 1.5MW wind turbine mounted on a tubular tower with a hub height of 84m Garrad hassan and Partners ltd Document: 1040/BR/01 ISSUE A 2 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE GENERIC ISMW WIND TURBINE 2.1 General Information The machine is rated at 1.5MW. The 3 bladed upwind rotor is 70m in diameter and, for the purposes of thesc load calculations, mounted on an 82m metre high tubular stcel tower Power control is active using full span pitch control. Each blade has an independent pitch drive system A more complete description of the turbine is presented in Appendix a Garrad hassan and Partners ltd Document: 1040/BR/01 ISSUE A 3 GENERAL ANALYSIS ISSUES 3.1 Co-ordinate Systems The co-ordinate system is defined in the basic system: GL regulations [2] system and it is also shown in the figures below Radially along blade axis XB Perpendicular to ZB, and pointing towards XB the tower for an upwind turbine, or away YB from the tower for a downwind turbine(the picture shows an upwind turbine) YB ZB YB Perpendicular to blade axis and shaft axis, to YB B give a right-handed co-ordinate system independent of direction of rotation and rotor location upwind or downwind of the tower Origin At each blade station. Figure 3.1 Co-ordinate system for blade loads and deflections Hub loads in fixed frame of reference XN Along shaft axis, and pointing towards the tower for an upwind turbine, or away from the tower for a ZN M downwind turbine (the picture shows an upwind XN YN Perpendicular to XN, such that ZN would be YN XN ertically upwards if the tilt angle were zero YN Horizontal, to give a right-handed co-ordinate system independent of direction of rotation and rotor location upwind or downwind of the tower Hub loads in rotating frame of referene XN Along shaft axis, and pointing towards the tower for f downwind turbine (the picture shows an upwind Perpendicular to XN, such that ZN would be aligned with blade I axis if the cone angle were zero YN give a right-handcd dinate syste rotation and rotor location upwind or downwind of the to At hub cent of blade and shaft axes) Figure 3.2 Co-ordinate system for hub loads Garrad hassan and Partners ltd Document: 1040/BR/01 ISSUE A ZT Pointing South YT「YT Vertically upwards XT YT Pointing east Origin At each tower station Figure 3.3 Co-ordinate system for tower loads and deflections 3.2 Load points 3.2.1 Loads for design approval Loads are reported at the blade root the rotor centre the yaw bearing(nacelle coordinates) the tower top the tower base Garrad hassan and Partners ltd Document: 1040/BR/01 ISSUE A 3.3 Analvtical basis The methods are described in detail in 3. a brief overview is given below. Wind sh Standard power law model Turbulence Anisotropic von Karman model, 3] Wake modelling Dynamic wake for all cases with the exception of those performed with steady Stall modelling Stall hysteresis on the outboard 80% of the blade Bladed for windows interface version 3.51 DTBLADED version 2.63 oad contributions. General aerodynamic Self weigh Rotational inertial Modal tial 3.4 Bladed model The Bladed project file used in these calculations was developed by Garrad Hassan Garrad hassan and Partners ltd Document: 1040/BR/01 ISSUE A 4 LOAD CASES 4.1 General notes on wind conditions for extreme load calculations The wind conditions for extreme load calculations are presented in Table 4.1 4.2 General notes on wind conditions for fatigue load calculations The turbulent variation in wind speed has been modelled using a three component von Karman anisotropic model with a characteristic turbulence intensity of 18% at 15 m/s 4.3 Load cases The cases are tabulated in Table 4.2. The table gives the case namc, the initial turbine state, the initial conditions(wind speed, yaw error and pitch angle), and the details of any transient events or model of turbulence 44Oⅴer- ridden cases While identifying which cases should be simulated, it has been possible to eliminate whole groups of cases as cither not requiring simulation or being obviously more benign than other cases. A case can then be said to be over-ridden if that case has lower load factors and less arduous wind conditions and which can be assured to produce less extreme loads, than another case. The logic behind the over riding process is given for specific cases in Table 4.2 4.5 Safe fety factor strategy Partial safety factors for loads have been applied externally to the results of the dynamic simulations Table 4.3 summarises the safety factors that have been used in each load case 7 Garrad hassan and Partners ltd Document: 1040/BR/01 ISSUE A Table 4.1 DESIGN LOAD CASE PARAMETERS Rated Power, (Net Power) Prated 1500kW Rated hub-height wind speed, V 1.5 ∏A Hub height Hub-height extreme mean wind speed 42.5m 31.88n Hub-height extreme wind speed 59.5m/s 44.63 Hub-height operating wind speed range, V in to vout 3.5to25m/s Annual average wind speed at hub height-, Vave 8.5m/s Wind gradient, a 0.2 Vertical flow inclination 8 deg Idling pitch position 94 deg Parked pitch position 94 des Rotor mass imbalance( depends on blade tolerances 200 kgm Rotor aerodynamic imbalance (depends on blade tolerances) Blade 1 0 deg Blade 2 0.3 deg Blade 2 -0. 3 deg Structural damping Tower 0.5% Blade 0.7% 8 【实例截图】
【核心代码】
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