实例介绍
【实例简介】
【实例截图】
【核心代码】
目录 符号表示 .............................................................................................................................................. 12 引言...................................................................................................................................................... 13 SQL................................................................................................................................................ 13 支持的语言和代码页.................................................................................................................... 13 注释 .............................................................................................................................................. 13 标识符 .......................................................................................................................................... 13 单引号 .......................................................................................................................................... 14 双引号 .......................................................................................................................................... 14 SQL 保留字.................................................................................................................................... 14 数据类型 .............................................................................................................................................. 16 数据类型的分类........................................................................................................................... 16 日期时间类型............................................................................................................................... 16 Date 格式 .............................................................................................................................. 16 Time 格式.............................................................................................................................. 17 Timestamp 格式 .................................................................................................................... 18 日期/时间类型支持的函数：............................................................................................... 19 数字类型....................................................................................................................................... 20 字符类型....................................................................................................................................... 21 二进制类型................................................................................................................................... 22 大对象（LOB）类型..................................................................................................................... 22 SQL 数据类型和列存储数据类型之间的映射.............................................................................. 23 数据类型转换............................................................................................................................... 24 类型常量....................................................................................................................................... 27 谓词...................................................................................................................................................... 29 SAP HANA 数据库– SQL 参考手册 2 比较谓词....................................................................................................................................... 29 范围谓词....................................................................................................................................... 29 In 谓词 .......................................................................................................................................... 29 Exists 谓词..................................................................................................................................... 29 NULL 谓词..................................................................................................................................... 30 CONTAINS 谓词............................................................................................................................. 30 操作符.................................................................................................................................................. 33 一元和二元操作符 ....................................................................................................................... 33 操作符优先级............................................................................................................................... 33 算术操作符................................................................................................................................... 34 字符串操作符............................................................................................................................... 34 比较操作符................................................................................................................................... 35 逻辑操作符................................................................................................................................... 35 集合操作符................................................................................................................................... 35 表达式.................................................................................................................................................. 36 Case 表达式.................................................................................................................................. 36 Function 表达式............................................................................................................................ 36 Aggregate 表达式.......................................................................................................................... 37 表达式中的子查询 ....................................................................................................................... 37 SQL 函数............................................................................................................................................... 39 介绍 .............................................................................................................................................. 39 数据类型转换函数 ....................................................................................................................... 39 CAST ...................................................................................................................................... 39 TO_ALPHANUM ..................................................................................................................... 39 TO_BIGINT ............................................................................................................................. 40 SAP HANA 数据库– SQL 参考手册 3 TO_BINARY ............................................................................................................................ 40 TO_BLOB................................................................................................................................ 40 TO_CHAR ............................................................................................................................... 41 TO_CLOB................................................................................................................................ 41 TO_DATE................................................................................................................................ 41 TO_DATS................................................................................................................................ 42 TO_DECIMAL.......................................................................................................................... 42 TO_DOUBLE ........................................................................................................................... 43 TO_INT................................................................................................................................... 43 TO_INTEGER........................................................................................................................... 43 TO_NCHAR............................................................................................................................. 44 TO_NCLOB ............................................................................................................................. 44 TO_NVARCHAR ...................................................................................................................... 44 TO_REAL ................................................................................................................................ 45 TO_SECONDDATE................................................................................................................... 45 TO_SMALLDECIMAL ............................................................................................................... 45 TO_SMALLINT ........................................................................................................................ 46 TO_TIME ................................................................................................................................ 46 TO_TIMESTAMP ..................................................................................................................... 46 TO_TINYINT............................................................................................................................ 47 TO_VARCHAR......................................................................................................................... 47 日期时间函数............................................................................................................................... 47 ADD_DAYS ............................................................................................................................. 47 ADD_MONTHS ....................................................................................................................... 48 ADD_SECONDS....................................................................................................................... 48 SAP HANA 数据库– SQL 参考手册 4 ADD_YEARS............................................................................................................................ 48 CURRENT_DATE ..................................................................................................................... 49 CURRENT_TIME...................................................................................................................... 49 CURRENT_TIMESTAMP........................................................................................................... 49 CURRECT_UTCDATE ............................................................................................................... 50 CURRENT_UTCTIME ............................................................................................................... 50 CURRENT_UTCTIMESTAMP .................................................................................................... 50 DAYNAME .............................................................................................................................. 51 DAYOFMONTH ....................................................................................................................... 51 DAYOFYEAR............................................................................................................................ 51 DAYS_BETWEEN..................................................................................................................... 52 EXTRACT ................................................................................................................................ 52 HOUR..................................................................................................................................... 52 ISOWEEK................................................................................................................................ 53 LAST_DAY............................................................................................................................... 53 LOCALTOUTC.......................................................................................................................... 53 MINUTE ................................................................................................................................. 54 MONTH.................................................................................................................................. 54 MONTHNAME........................................................................................................................ 54 NEXT_DAY.............................................................................................................................. 55 NOW...................................................................................................................................... 55 QUARTER ............................................................................................................................... 55 SECOND ................................................................................................................................. 56 SECONDS_BETWEEN .............................................................................................................. 56 UTCTOLOCAL.......................................................................................................................... 56 SAP HANA 数据库– SQL 参考手册 5 WEEK ..................................................................................................................................... 57 WEEKDAY............................................................................................................................... 57 YEAR ...................................................................................................................................... 57 数字函数....................................................................................................................................... 58 ABS ........................................................................................................................................ 58 ACOS...................................................................................................................................... 58 ASIN....................................................................................................................................... 59 ATAN...................................................................................................................................... 59 ATAN2.................................................................................................................................... 59 BINTOHEX .............................................................................................................................. 60 BITAND .................................................................................................................................. 60 CEIL........................................................................................................................................ 60 COS........................................................................................................................................ 61 COSH...................................................................................................................................... 61 COT........................................................................................................................................ 61 EXP ........................................................................................................................................ 62 FLOOR.................................................................................................................................... 62 GREATEST .............................................................................................................................. 62 HEXTOBIN .............................................................................................................................. 63 LEAST..................................................................................................................................... 63 LN .......................................................................................................................................... 63 LOG........................................................................................................................................ 64 MOD ...................................................................................................................................... 64 POWER .................................................................................................................................. 65 ROUND .................................................................................................................................. 65 SAP HANA 数据库– SQL 参考手册 6 SIGN....................................................................................................................................... 65 SIN......................................................................................................................................... 66 SINH....................................................................................................................................... 66 SQRT...................................................................................................................................... 66 TAN........................................................................................................................................ 67 TANH ..................................................................................................................................... 67 UMINUS................................................................................................................................. 67 字符串函数................................................................................................................................... 68 ASCII ...................................................................................................................................... 68 CHAR...................................................................................................................................... 68 CONCAT ................................................................................................................................. 68 LCASE..................................................................................................................................... 69 LEFT ....................................................................................................................................... 69 LENGTH.................................................................................................................................. 69 LOCATE .................................................................................................................................. 70 LOWER................................................................................................................................... 70 LPAD...................................................................................................................................... 71 LTRIM..................................................................................................................................... 71 NCHAR ................................................................................................................................... 71 REPLACE................................................................................................................................. 72 RIGHT..................................................................................................................................... 72 RPAD...................................................................................................................................... 72 RTRIM.................................................................................................................................... 73 SUBSTR_AFTER....................................................................................................................... 73 SUBSTR_BEFORE .................................................................................................................... 74 SAP HANA 数据库– SQL 参考手册 7 SUBSTRING ............................................................................................................................ 74 TRIM ...................................................................................................................................... 74 UCASE.................................................................................................................................... 75 UNICODE................................................................................................................................ 75 UPPER.................................................................................................................................... 76 杂项函数....................................................................................................................................... 76 COALESCE .............................................................................................................................. 76 CURRENT_CONNECTION ........................................................................................................ 77 CURRENCT_SCHEMA.............................................................................................................. 77 CURRENT_USER ..................................................................................................................... 77 GROUPING_ID........................................................................................................................ 78 IFNULL ................................................................................................................................... 80 MAP....................................................................................................................................... 80 NULLIF ................................................................................................................................... 81 SESSION_CONTEXT................................................................................................................. 82 SESSION_USER ....................................................................................................................... 82 SYSUUID................................................................................................................................. 83 SQL 语句............................................................................................................................................... 85 集合定义和操纵语句.................................................................................................................... 85 ALTER AUDIT POLICY .............................................................................................................. 85 ALTER FULLTEXT INDEX .......................................................................................................... 87 ALTER INDEX .......................................................................................................................... 89 ALTER SEQUENCE................................................................................................................... 89 ALTER TABLE .......................................................................................................................... 91 CREATE AUDIT POLICY............................................................................................................ 99 SAP HANA 数据库– SQL 参考手册 8 CREATE FULLTEXT INDEX ...................................................................................................... 101 CREATE INDEX...................................................................................................................... 103 CREATE SCHEMA.................................................................................................................. 104 CREATE SEQUENCE............................................................................................................... 105 CREATE SYNONYM ............................................................................................................... 107 CREATE TABLE...................................................................................................................... 107 CREATE TRIGGER.................................................................................................................. 115 CREATE VIEW ....................................................................................................................... 124 DROP AUDIT POLICY............................................................................................................. 125 DROP FULLTEXT INDEX ......................................................................................................... 126 DROP INDEX......................................................................................................................... 127 DROP SCHEMA..................................................................................................................... 127 DROP SEQUENCE.................................................................................................................. 128 DROP SYNONYM .................................................................................................................. 128 DROP TABLE......................................................................................................................... 129 DROP TRIGGER..................................................................................................................... 130 DROP VIEW .......................................................................................................................... 131 RENAME COLUMN ............................................................................................................... 132 RENAME INDEX .................................................................................................................... 132 RENAME TABLE .................................................................................................................... 133 ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE ..................................................................................................... 134 TRUNCATE TABLE ................................................................................................................. 135 数据操纵语句：......................................................................................................................... 136 DELETE：............................................................................................................................. 136 EXPLAIN PLAN...................................................................................................................... 137 SAP HANA 数据库– SQL 参考手册 9 INSERT ................................................................................................................................. 141 LOAD.................................................................................................................................... 143 MERGE DELTA ...................................................................................................................... 143 REPLACE | UPSERT ............................................................................................................... 144 SELECT ................................................................................................................................. 146 UNLOAD............................................................................................................................... 158 UPDATE................................................................................................................................ 158 系统管理语句............................................................................................................................. 159 SET SYSTEM LICENSE ............................................................................................................ 159 ALTER SYSTEM ALTER CONFIGURATION ............................................................................... 160 ALTER SYSTEM ALTER SESSION SET....................................................................................... 162 ALTER SYSTEM ALTER SESSION UNSET.................................................................................. 162 ALTER SYSTEM CANCEL [WORK IN] SESSION......................................................................... 163 ALTER SYSTEM CLEAR SQL PLAN CACHE................................................................................ 164 ALTER SYSTEM CLEAR TRACES .............................................................................................. 164 ALTER SYSTEM DISCONNECT SESSION .................................................................................. 165 ALTER SYSTEM LOGGING...................................................................................................... 166 ALTER SYSTEM RECLAIM DATAVOLUME ............................................................................... 166 ALTER SYSTEM RECLAIM LOG ............................................................................................... 167 ALTER SYSTEM RECLAIM VERSION SPACE ............................................................................. 167 ALTER SYSTEM RECONFIGURE SERVICE................................................................................. 168 ALTER SYSTEM REMOVE TRACES .......................................................................................... 168 ALTER SYSTEM RESET MONITORING VIEW............................................................................ 169 ALTER SYSTEM SAVE PERFTRACE .......................................................................................... 170 ALTER SYSTEM SAVEPOINT................................................................................................... 171 SAP HANA 数据库– SQL 参考手册 10 ALTER SYSTEM START PERFTRACE ........................................................................................ 171 ALTER SYSTEM STOP PERFTRACE.......................................................................................... 172 ALTER SYSTEM STOP SERVICE............................................................................................... 172 UNSET SYSTEM LICENSE ALL ................................................................................................. 173 会话管理语句............................................................................................................................. 173 CONNECT............................................................................................................................. 173 SET HISTORY SESSION........................................................................................................... 173 SET SCHEMA ........................................................................................................................ 174 SET [SESSION]....................................................................................................................... 174 UNSET [SESSION].................................................................................................................. 175 事务管理语句............................................................................................................................. 176 COMMIT .............................................................................................................................. 176 LOCK TABLE.......................................................................................................................... 176 ROLLBACK ............................................................................................................................ 176 SET TRANSACTION................................................................................................................ 177 访问控制语句............................................................................................................................. 178 ALTER SAML PROVIDER ........................................................................................................ 178 ALTER USER.......................................................................................................................... 179 CREATE ROLE ....................................................................................................................... 182 CREATE SAML PROVIDER...................................................................................................... 183 CREATE USER ....................................................................................................................... 184 DROP ROLE .......................................................................................................................... 186 DROP SAML PROVIDER......................................................................................................... 187 DROP USER .......................................................................................................................... 187 GRANT ................................................................................................................................. 188 SAP HANA 数据库– SQL 参考手册 11 REVOKE................................................................................................................................ 197 数据导入导出语句 ..................................................................................................................... 198 EXPORT ................................................................................................................................ 198 IMPORT................................................................................................................................ 200 IMPORT FROM ..................................................................................................................... 202 SQL 语句的限制.................................................................................................................................. 204 SQL 错误代码 ..................................................................................................................................... 207
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