ANSYS-Fluent-Tutorial-Guide_r170.pdf

【实例简介】

This preface is divided into the following sections:
1.What’s In This Manual
2.The Contents of the Fluent Manuals
3.Where to Find the Files Used in the Tutorials
4. How To Use This Manual
5.Typographical Conventions Used In This Manual
【实例截图】

【核心代码】

Table of Contents
Using This Manual ....................................................................................................................................... xv
1.What’s In This Manual ......................................................................................................................... xv
2. The Contents of the Fluent Manuals ................................................................................................... xv
3.Where to Find the Files Used in the Tutorials ..................................................................................... xvii
4. How To Use This Manual ................................................................................................................... xvii
4.1. For the Beginner ...................................................................................................................... xvii
4.2. For the Experienced User ......................................................................................................... xvii
5.Typographical Conventions Used In This Manual .............................................................................. xviii
1. Introduction to Using ANSYS Fluent in ANSYS Workbench: Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in a Mixing
Elbow .......................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2. Prerequisites ..................................................................................................................................... 2
1.3. Problem Description ......................................................................................................................... 2
1.4. Setup and Solution ........................................................................................................................... 3
1.4.1. Preparation .............................................................................................................................. 4
1.4.2. Creating a Fluent Fluid Flow Analysis System in ANSYS Workbench ........................................... 5
1.4.3. Creating the Geometry in ANSYS DesignModeler ...................................................................... 9
1.4.4. Meshing the Geometry in the ANSYS Meshing Application ...................................................... 20
1.4.5. Setting Up the CFD Simulation in ANSYS Fluent ...................................................................... 27
1.4.5.1. Starting ANSYS Fluent ................................................................................................... 27
1.4.5.2. Setting Up Domain ........................................................................................................ 29
1.4.5.3. Setting Up Physics ......................................................................................................... 31
1.4.6. Solving .................................................................................................................................. 42
1.4.7. Displaying Results in ANSYS Fluent and CFD-Post .................................................................... 51
1.4.8. Duplicating the Fluent-Based Fluid Flow Analysis System ........................................................ 60
1.4.9. Changing the Geometry in ANSYS DesignModeler .................................................................. 61
1.4.10. Updating the Mesh in the ANSYS Meshing Application .......................................................... 63
1.4.11. Calculating a New Solution in ANSYS Fluent .......................................................................... 65
1.4.12. Comparing the Results of Both Systems in CFD-Post .............................................................. 67
1.5. Summary ........................................................................................................................................ 72
2. Parametric Analysis in ANSYS Workbench Using ANSYS Fluent ........................................................... 73
2.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 73
2.2. Prerequisites ................................................................................................................................... 74
2.3. Problem Description ....................................................................................................................... 74
2.4. Setup and Solution ......................................................................................................................... 77
2.4.1. Preparation ............................................................................................................................ 78
2.4.2. Adding Constraints to ANSYS DesignModeler Parameters in ANSYS Workbench ...................... 78
2.4.3. Setting Up the CFD Simulation in ANSYS Fluent ...................................................................... 87
2.4.3.1. Starting ANSYS Fluent ................................................................................................... 87
2.4.3.2. Setting Up Domain ........................................................................................................ 89
2.4.3.3. Setting Up Physics ......................................................................................................... 89
2.4.4. Defining Input Parameters in ANSYS Fluent ............................................................................. 92
2.4.5. Solving .................................................................................................................................. 97
2.4.6. Postprocessing and Setting the Output Parameters in ANSYS CFD-Post ................................. 100
2.4.7. Creating Additional Design Points in ANSYS Workbench ........................................................ 112
2.4.8. Postprocessing the New Design Points in CFD-Post ............................................................... 114
2.4.9. Summary ............................................................................................................................. 120
3. Introduction to Using ANSYS Fluent: Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in a Mixing Elbow ...................... 121
3.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 121
3.2. Prerequisites ................................................................................................................................. 121
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3.3. Problem Description ..................................................................................................................... 121
3.4. Setup and Solution ....................................................................................................................... 122
3.4.1. Preparation .......................................................................................................................... 123
3.4.2. Launching ANSYS Fluent ...................................................................................................... 123
3.4.3. Reading the Mesh ................................................................................................................ 126
3.4.4. Setting Up Domain ............................................................................................................... 131
3.4.5. Setting Up Physics ................................................................................................................ 133
3.4.6. Solving ................................................................................................................................ 145
3.4.7. Displaying the Preliminary Solution ...................................................................................... 155
3.4.8. Using the Coupled Solver ..................................................................................................... 171
3.4.9. Adapting the Mesh ............................................................................................................... 174
3.5. Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 190
4. Modeling Periodic Flow and Heat Transfer ......................................................................................... 191
4.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 191
4.2. Prerequisites ................................................................................................................................. 191
4.3. Problem Description ..................................................................................................................... 192
4.4. Setup and Solution ....................................................................................................................... 192
4.4.1. Preparation .......................................................................................................................... 193
4.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................... 193
4.4.3. General Settings ................................................................................................................... 196
4.4.4. Models ................................................................................................................................. 196
4.4.5. Materials .............................................................................................................................. 196
4.4.6. Cell Zone Conditions ............................................................................................................ 198
4.4.7. Periodic Conditions .............................................................................................................. 199
4.4.8. Boundary Conditions ............................................................................................................ 199
4.4.9. Solution ............................................................................................................................... 200
4.4.10. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................... 204
4.5. Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 214
4.6. Further Improvements .................................................................................................................. 215
5. Modeling External Compressible Flow ............................................................................................... 217
5.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 217
5.2. Prerequisites ................................................................................................................................. 217
5.3. Problem Description ..................................................................................................................... 218
5.4. Setup and Solution ....................................................................................................................... 218
5.4.1. Preparation .......................................................................................................................... 218
5.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................... 219
5.4.3. Solver .................................................................................................................................. 222
5.4.4. Models ................................................................................................................................. 222
5.4.5. Materials .............................................................................................................................. 223
5.4.6. Boundary Conditions ............................................................................................................ 225
5.4.7. Operating Conditions ........................................................................................................... 227
5.4.8. Solution ............................................................................................................................... 228
5.4.9. Postprocessing ..................................................................................................................... 246
5.5. Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 253
5.6. Further Improvements .................................................................................................................. 253
6. Modeling Transient Compressible Flow .............................................................................................. 255
6.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 255
6.2. Prerequisites ................................................................................................................................. 255
6.3. Problem Description ..................................................................................................................... 256
6.4. Setup and Solution ....................................................................................................................... 256
6.4.1. Preparation .......................................................................................................................... 256
6.4.2. Reading and Checking the Mesh ........................................................................................... 257
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6.4.3. Solver and Analysis Type ....................................................................................................... 259
6.4.4. Models ................................................................................................................................. 260
6.4.5. Materials .............................................................................................................................. 261
6.4.6. Operating Conditions ........................................................................................................... 262
6.4.7. Boundary Conditions ............................................................................................................ 263
6.4.8. Solution: Steady Flow ........................................................................................................... 265
6.4.9. Enabling Time Dependence and Setting Transient Conditions ............................................... 279
6.4.10. Specifying Solution Parameters for Transient Flow and Solving ............................................ 282
6.4.11. Saving and Postprocessing Time-Dependent Data Sets ....................................................... 285
6.5. Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 299
6.6. Further Improvements .................................................................................................................. 300
7. Modeling Radiation and Natural Convection ..................................................................................... 301
7.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 301
7.2. Prerequisites ................................................................................................................................. 301
7.3. Problem Description ..................................................................................................................... 301
7.4. Setup and Solution ....................................................................................................................... 302
7.4.1. Preparation .......................................................................................................................... 302
7.4.2. Reading and Checking the Mesh ........................................................................................... 303
7.4.3. Solver and Analysis Type ....................................................................................................... 304
7.4.4. Models ................................................................................................................................. 305
7.4.5. Defining the Materials .......................................................................................................... 308
7.4.6. Operating Conditions ........................................................................................................... 310
7.4.7. Boundary Conditions ............................................................................................................ 310
7.4.8. Obtaining the Solution ......................................................................................................... 314
7.4.9. Postprocessing ..................................................................................................................... 321
7.4.10. Comparing the Contour Plots after Varying Radiating Surfaces ............................................ 335
7.4.11. S2S Definition, Solution, and Postprocessing with Partial Enclosure ...................................... 347
7.5. Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 351
7.6. Further Improvements .................................................................................................................. 351
8. Using the Discrete Ordinates Radiation Model ................................................................................... 353
8.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 353
8.2. Prerequisites ................................................................................................................................. 353
8.3. Problem Description ..................................................................................................................... 354
8.4. Setup and Solution ....................................................................................................................... 354
8.4.1. Preparation .......................................................................................................................... 355
8.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................... 355
8.4.3. General Settings ................................................................................................................... 356
8.4.4. Models ................................................................................................................................. 358
8.4.5. Materials .............................................................................................................................. 359
8.4.6. Cell Zone Conditions ............................................................................................................ 362
8.4.7. Boundary Conditions ............................................................................................................ 364
8.4.8. Solution ............................................................................................................................... 372
8.4.9. Postprocessing ..................................................................................................................... 375
8.4.10. Iterate for Higher Pixels ....................................................................................................... 383
8.4.11. Iterate for Higher Divisions ................................................................................................. 387
8.4.12. Make the Reflector Completely Diffuse ............................................................................... 393
8.4.13. Change the Boundary Type of Baffle ................................................................................... 395
8.5. Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 396
8.6. Further Improvements .................................................................................................................. 396
9. Using a Non-Conformal Mesh ............................................................................................................. 397
9.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 397
9.2. Prerequisites ................................................................................................................................. 397
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9.3. Problem Description ..................................................................................................................... 398
9.4. Setup and Solution ....................................................................................................................... 399
9.4.1. Preparation .......................................................................................................................... 399
9.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................... 400
9.4.3. General Settings ................................................................................................................... 405
9.4.4. Models ................................................................................................................................. 405
9.4.5. Materials .............................................................................................................................. 407
9.4.6. Cell Zone Conditions ............................................................................................................ 407
9.4.7. Operating Conditions ........................................................................................................... 409
9.4.8. Boundary Conditions ............................................................................................................ 409
9.4.9. Mesh Interfaces .................................................................................................................... 419
9.4.10. Solution ............................................................................................................................. 421
9.4.11. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................... 423
9.5. Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 436
9.6. Further Improvements .................................................................................................................. 436
10. Modeling Flow Through Porous Media ............................................................................................. 437
10.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 437
10.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 437
10.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 438
10.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 438
10.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 439
10.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................. 439
10.4.3. General Settings ................................................................................................................. 441
10.4.4. Models ............................................................................................................................... 442
10.4.5. Materials ............................................................................................................................ 442
10.4.6. Cell Zone Conditions .......................................................................................................... 444
10.4.7. Boundary Conditions .......................................................................................................... 447
10.4.8. Solution ............................................................................................................................. 449
10.4.9. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................... 454
10.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 468
10.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 468
11. Using a Single Rotating Reference Frame ......................................................................................... 469
11.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 469
11.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 469
11.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 470
11.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 471
11.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 471
11.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................. 472
11.4.3. General Settings ................................................................................................................. 472
11.4.4. Models ............................................................................................................................... 474
11.4.5. Materials ............................................................................................................................ 476
11.4.6. Cell Zone Conditions .......................................................................................................... 476
11.4.7. Boundary Conditions .......................................................................................................... 477
11.4.8. Solution Using the Standard k- ε Model ............................................................................... 480
11.4.9. Postprocessing for the Standard k- ε Solution ...................................................................... 487
11.4.10. Solution Using the RNG k- ε Model .................................................................................... 497
11.4.11. Postprocessing for the RNG k- ε Solution ........................................................................... 499
11.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 504
11.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 504
11.7. References .................................................................................................................................. 505
12. Using Multiple Reference Frames ..................................................................................................... 507
12.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 507
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12.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 508
12.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 508
12.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 509
12.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 509
12.4.2. Reading and Checking the Mesh and Setting the Units ........................................................ 510
12.4.3. Specifying Solver and Analysis Type .................................................................................... 512
12.4.4. Specifying the Models ........................................................................................................ 512
12.4.5. Specifying Materials ........................................................................................................... 513
12.4.6. Specifying Cell Zone Conditions .......................................................................................... 514
12.4.7. Setting Boundary Conditions .............................................................................................. 516
12.4.8. Defining Mesh Interfaces .................................................................................................... 518
12.4.9. Obtaining the Solution ....................................................................................................... 519
12.4.10. Step 9: Postprocessing ...................................................................................................... 524
12.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 531
12.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 531
13. Using the Mixing Plane Model .......................................................................................................... 533
13.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 533
13.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 533
13.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 533
13.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 534
13.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 534
13.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................. 535
13.4.3. General Settings ................................................................................................................. 535
13.4.4. Models ............................................................................................................................... 538
13.4.5. Mixing Plane ...................................................................................................................... 539
13.4.6. Materials ............................................................................................................................ 541
13.4.7. Cell Zone Conditions .......................................................................................................... 542
13.4.8. Boundary Conditions .......................................................................................................... 545
13.4.9. Solution ............................................................................................................................. 554
13.4.10. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................. 563
13.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 571
13.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 571
14. Using Sliding Meshes ........................................................................................................................ 573
14.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 573
14.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 573
14.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 573
14.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 574
14.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 574
14.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................. 575
14.4.3. General Settings ................................................................................................................. 575
14.4.4. Models ............................................................................................................................... 579
14.4.5. Materials ............................................................................................................................ 579
14.4.6. Cell Zone Conditions .......................................................................................................... 580
14.4.7. Boundary Conditions .......................................................................................................... 583
14.4.8. Operating Conditions ......................................................................................................... 588
14.4.9. Mesh Interfaces .................................................................................................................. 589
14.4.10. Solution ........................................................................................................................... 590
14.4.11. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................. 608
14.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 616
14.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 617
15. Using Dynamic Meshes ..................................................................................................................... 619
15.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 619
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15.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 619
15.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 620
15.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 620
15.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 620
15.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................. 621
15.4.3. General Settings ................................................................................................................. 621
15.4.4. Models ............................................................................................................................... 624
15.4.5. Materials ............................................................................................................................ 625
15.4.6. Boundary Conditions .......................................................................................................... 625
15.4.7. Solution: Steady Flow ......................................................................................................... 628
15.4.8.Time-Dependent Solution Setup ......................................................................................... 632
15.4.9. Mesh Motion ...................................................................................................................... 632
15.4.10.Time-Dependent Solution ................................................................................................. 639
15.4.11. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................. 649
15.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 653
15.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 653
16. Modeling Species Transport and Gaseous Combustion ................................................................... 655
16.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 655
16.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 655
16.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 656
16.4. Background ................................................................................................................................ 656
16.5. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 656
16.5.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 656
16.5.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................. 657
16.5.3. General Settings ................................................................................................................. 657
16.5.4. Models ............................................................................................................................... 661
16.5.5. Materials ............................................................................................................................ 664
16.5.6. Boundary Conditions .......................................................................................................... 667
16.5.7. Initial Reaction Solution ...................................................................................................... 673
16.5.8. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................... 679
16.5.9. NOx Prediction ................................................................................................................... 689
16.6. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 703
16.7. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 704
17. Using the Non-Premixed Combustion Model ................................................................................... 705
17.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 705
17.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 705
17.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 706
17.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 707
17.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 707
17.4.2. Reading and Checking the Mesh ......................................................................................... 708
17.4.3. Specifying Solver and Analysis Type .................................................................................... 712
17.4.4. Specifying the Models ........................................................................................................ 713
17.4.5. Defining Materials and Properties ....................................................................................... 720
17.4.6. Specifying Boundary Conditions ......................................................................................... 721
17.4.7. Specifying Operating Conditions ........................................................................................ 729
17.4.8. Obtaining Solution ............................................................................................................. 729
17.4.9. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................... 733
17.4.10. Energy Balances Reporting ............................................................................................... 736
17.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 738
17.6. References .................................................................................................................................. 738
17.7. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 739
18. Modeling Surface Chemistry ............................................................................................................. 741
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18.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 741
18.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 741
18.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 742
18.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 743
18.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 743
18.4.2. Reading and Checking the Mesh ......................................................................................... 744
18.4.3. Solver and Analysis Type ..................................................................................................... 746
18.4.4. Specifying the Models ........................................................................................................ 747
18.4.5. Defining Materials and Properties ....................................................................................... 748
18.4.6. Specifying Boundary Conditions ......................................................................................... 759
18.4.7. Setting the Operating Conditions ....................................................................................... 765
18.4.8. Simulating Non-Reacting Flow ............................................................................................ 766
18.4.9. Simulating Reacting Flow ................................................................................................... 768
18.4.10. Postprocessing the Solution Results .................................................................................. 775
18.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 782
18.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 782
19. Modeling Evaporating Liquid Spray ................................................................................................. 783
19.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 783
19.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 783
19.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 783
19.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 784
19.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 784
19.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................. 785
19.4.3. Solver ................................................................................................................................. 789
19.4.4. Models ............................................................................................................................... 789
19.4.5. Materials ............................................................................................................................ 792
19.4.6. Boundary Conditions .......................................................................................................... 794
19.4.7. Initial Solution Without Droplets ......................................................................................... 799
19.4.8. Creating a Spray Injection ................................................................................................... 809
19.4.9. Solution ............................................................................................................................. 817
19.4.10. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................. 822
19.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 834
19.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 834
20. Using the VOF Model ......................................................................................................................... 837
20.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 837
20.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 837
20.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 838
20.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 839
20.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 839
20.4.2. Reading and Manipulating the Mesh ................................................................................... 840
20.4.3. General Settings ................................................................................................................. 845
20.4.4. Models ............................................................................................................................... 847
20.4.5. Materials ............................................................................................................................ 848
20.4.6. Phases ................................................................................................................................ 850
20.4.7. Operating Conditions ......................................................................................................... 853
20.4.8. User-Defined Function (UDF) .............................................................................................. 853
20.4.9. Boundary Conditions .......................................................................................................... 854
20.4.10. Solution ........................................................................................................................... 857
20.4.11. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................. 864
20.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 870
20.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 870
21. Modeling Cavitation .......................................................................................................................... 871
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21.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 871
21.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 871
21.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 871
21.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 872
21.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 872
21.4.2. Reading and Checking the Mesh ......................................................................................... 873
21.4.3. Solver Settings ................................................................................................................... 875
21.4.4. Models ............................................................................................................................... 876
21.4.5. Materials ............................................................................................................................ 878
21.4.6. Phases ................................................................................................................................ 881
21.4.7. Boundary Conditions .......................................................................................................... 884
21.4.8. Operating Conditions ......................................................................................................... 889
21.4.9. Solution ............................................................................................................................. 889
21.4.10. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................. 894
21.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 899
21.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 900
22. Using the Mixture and Eulerian Multiphase Models ......................................................................... 901
22.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 901
22.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 901
22.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 902
22.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 902
22.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 903
22.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................. 903
22.4.3. General Settings ................................................................................................................. 904
22.4.4. Models ............................................................................................................................... 906
22.4.5. Materials ............................................................................................................................ 908
22.4.6. Phases ................................................................................................................................ 909
22.4.7. Boundary Conditions .......................................................................................................... 912
22.4.8. Operating Conditions ......................................................................................................... 915
22.4.9. Solution Using the Mixture Model ....................................................................................... 916
22.4.10. Postprocessing for the Mixture Solution ............................................................................ 920
22.4.11. Higher Order Solution using the Mixture Model ................................................................ 924
22.4.12. Setup and Solution for the Eulerian Model ........................................................................ 926
22.4.13. Postprocessing for the Eulerian Model .............................................................................. 930
22.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 933
22.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 934
23. Using the Eulerian Multiphase Model for Granular Flow .................................................................. 935
23.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 935
23.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 935
23.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 936
23.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 936
23.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 936
23.4.2. Mesh .................................................................................................................................. 937
23.4.3. General Settings ................................................................................................................. 938
23.4.4. Models ............................................................................................................................... 945
23.4.5. Materials ............................................................................................................................ 946
23.4.6. Phases ................................................................................................................................ 948
23.4.7. User-Defined Function (UDF) .............................................................................................. 951
23.4.8. Cell Zone Conditions .......................................................................................................... 952
23.4.9. Solution ............................................................................................................................. 955
23.4.10. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................. 969
23.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 973
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23.6. Further Improvements ................................................................................................................ 973
24. Modeling Solidification ..................................................................................................................... 975
24.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 975
24.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 975
24.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................... 975
24.4. Setup and Solution ..................................................................................................................... 976
24.4.1. Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 977
24.4.2. Reading and Checking the Mesh ......................................................................................... 977
24.4.3. Specifying Solver and Analysis Type .................................................................................... 979
24.4.4. Specifying the Models ........................................................................................................ 981
24.4.5. Defining Materials .............................................................................................................. 982
24.4.6. Setting the Cell Zone Conditions ......................................................................................... 984
24.4.7. Setting the Boundary Conditions ........................................................................................ 985
24.4.8. Solution: Steady Conduction ............................................................................................... 993
24.4.9. Solution:Transient Flow and Heat Transfer ......................................................................... 1003
24.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................. 1013
24.6. Further Improvements .............................................................................................................. 1014
25. Using the Eulerian Granular Multiphase Model with Heat Transfer ............................................... 1015
25.1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1015
25.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................. 1015
25.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................. 1016
25.4. Setup and Solution .................................................................................................................... 1016
25.4.1. Preparation ...................................................................................................................... 1017
25.4.2. Mesh ................................................................................................................................ 1018
25.4.3. Solver Settings ................................................................................................................. 1019
25.4.4. Models ............................................................................................................................. 1020
25.4.5. UDF .................................................................................................................................. 1021
25.4.6. Materials .......................................................................................................................... 1022
25.4.7. Phases .............................................................................................................................. 1023
25.4.8. Boundary Conditions ........................................................................................................ 1025
25.4.9. Solution ........................................................................................................................... 1032
25.4.10. Postprocessing ............................................................................................................... 1045
25.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................. 1048
25.6. Further Improvements .............................................................................................................. 1048
25.7. References ................................................................................................................................ 1049
26. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................................ 1051
26.1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1051
26.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................. 1052
26.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................. 1052
26.4. Setup and Solution .................................................................................................................... 1052
26.4.1. Preparation ...................................................................................................................... 1053
26.4.2. Reading the Mesh ............................................................................................................. 1054
26.4.3. Manipulating the Mesh in the Viewer ................................................................................ 1054
26.4.4. Adding Lights ................................................................................................................... 1056
26.4.5. Creating Isosurfaces ......................................................................................................... 1061
26.4.6. Generating Contours ........................................................................................................ 1063
26.4.7. Generating Velocity Vectors .............................................................................................. 1069
26.4.8. Creating an Animation ...................................................................................................... 1076
26.4.9. Displaying Pathlines ......................................................................................................... 1081
26.4.10. Overlaying Velocity Vectors on the Pathline Display ......................................................... 1087
26.4.11. Creating Exploded Views ................................................................................................ 1090
26.4.12. Animating the Display of Results in Successive Streamwise Planes ................................... 1095
xi
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Tutorial Guide
26.4.13. Generating XY Plots ........................................................................................................ 1097
26.4.14. Creating Annotation ....................................................................................................... 1100
26.4.15. Saving Picture Files ......................................................................................................... 1102
26.4.16. Generating Volume Integral Reports ............................................................................... 1103
26.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................. 1104
27. Parallel Processing .......................................................................................................................... 1105
27.1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1105
27.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................. 1105
27.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................. 1106
27.4. Setup and Solution .................................................................................................................... 1106
27.4.1. Preparation ...................................................................................................................... 1106
27.4.2. Starting the Parallel Version of ANSYS Fluent ..................................................................... 1107
27.4.2.1. Multiprocessor Machine ........................................................................................... 1107
27.4.2.2. Network of Computers ............................................................................................. 1109
27.4.3. Reading and Partitioning the Mesh ................................................................................... 1111
27.4.4. Solution ........................................................................................................................... 1118
27.4.5. Checking Parallel Performance .......................................................................................... 1118
27.4.6. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................. 1119
27.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................. 1122
28. Using the Adjoint Solver – 2D Laminar Flow Past a Cylinder .......................................................... 1123
28.1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1123
28.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................. 1123
28.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................. 1124
28.4. Setup and Solution .................................................................................................................... 1124
28.4.1. Preparation ...................................................................................................................... 1124
28.4.2. Step 1: Load the Adjoint Solver Add-on ............................................................................. 1127
28.4.3. Step 2: Define Observables ............................................................................................... 1128
28.4.4. Step 3: Compute the Drag Sensitivity ................................................................................ 1131
28.4.5. Step 4: Postprocess and Export Drag Sensitivity ................................................................. 1134
28.4.5.1. Boundary Condition Sensitivity ................................................................................ 1134
28.4.5.2. Momentum Source Sensitivity .................................................................................. 1135
28.4.5.3. Shape Sensitivity ..................................................................................................... 1137
28.4.5.4. Exporting Drag Sensitivity Data ................................................................................ 1139
28.4.6. Step 5: Compute Lift Sensitivity ......................................................................................... 1141
28.4.7. Step 6: Modify the Shape .................................................................................................. 1142
28.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................. 1148
29. Simulating a Single Battery Cell Using the MSMD Battery Model .................................................. 1149
29.1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1149
29.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................. 1149
29.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................. 1150
29.4. Setup and Solution .................................................................................................................... 1150
29.4.1. Preparation ...................................................................................................................... 1151
29.4.2. Reading and Scaling the Mesh .......................................................................................... 1151
29.4.3. Loading the MSMD battery Add-on ................................................................................... 1152
29.4.4. NTGK Battery Model Setup ................................................................................................ 1152
29.4.4.1. Specifying Solver and Models ................................................................................... 1152
29.4.4.2. Defining New Materials for Cell and Tabs .................................................................. 1157
29.4.4.3. Defining Cell Zone Conditions .................................................................................. 1161
29.4.4.4. Defining Boundary Conditions ................................................................................. 1162
29.4.4.5. Specifying Solution Settings ..................................................................................... 1162
29.4.4.6. Obtaining Solution .................................................................................................. 1165
29.4.5. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................. 1167
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29.4.6. ECM Model Setup and Solution ......................................................................................... 1178
29.4.7. Newman's P2D Model Setup and Solution ......................................................................... 1181
29.4.8. Using the Reduced Order Method (ROM) .......................................................................... 1183
29.4.9. External and Internal Short-Circuit Treatment .................................................................... 1184
29.4.9.1. Setting up and Solving a Short-Circuit Problem ........................................................ 1184
29.4.9.2. Postprocessing ........................................................................................................ 1186
29.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................. 1191
29.6. Appendix .................................................................................................................................. 1191
29.7. References ................................................................................................................................ 1193
30. Simulating a 1P3S Battery Pack Using the MSMD Battery Model ................................................... 1195
30.1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1195
30.2. Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................. 1195
30.3. Problem Description ................................................................................................................. 1196
30.4. Setup and Solution .................................................................................................................... 1196
30.4.1. Preparation ...................................................................................................................... 1196
30.4.2. Reading and Scaling the Mesh .......................................................................................... 1197
30.4.3. Loading the MSMD battery Add-on ................................................................................... 1198
30.4.4. Battery Model Setup ......................................................................................................... 1199
30.4.4.1. Specifying Solver and Models ................................................................................... 1199
30.4.4.2. Defining New Materials ............................................................................................ 1203
30.4.4.3. Defining Cell Zone Conditions .................................................................................. 1207
30.4.4.4. Defining Boundary Conditions ................................................................................. 1208
30.4.4.5. Specifying Solution Settings ..................................................................................... 1208
30.4.4.6. Obtaining Solution .................................................................................................. 1211
30.4.5. Postprocessing ................................................................................................................. 1214
30.5. Summary .................................................................................................................................. 1222