实例介绍
【实例简介】软件和系统工程 — 软件测试 — 第 5 部分：关键字驱动测试国际标准
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
Software and systems engineering — Software testing — Part 5: Keyword-Driven Testing
【实例截图】
【核心代码】
Contents
Page
1 Scope ...................................................................................................................................................... 1
2 Conformance ......................................................................................................................................... 1
2.1 Intended usage ...................................................................................................................................... 1
2.2 Full conformance ................................................................................................................................... 1
2.3 Tailored conformance ........................................................................................................................... 2
3 Normative references ............................................................................................................................ 2
4 Terms and definitions ........................................................................................................................... 2
5 Introduction to Keyword-Driven Testing ............................................................................................. 4
5.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................................. 4
5.2 Layers in Keyword-Driven Testing ...................................................................................................... 7
5.2.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................................. 7
5.2.2 Domain layer .......................................................................................................................................... 8
5.2.3 Test interface layer ................................................................................................................................ 9
5.2.4 Multiple layers ........................................................................................................................................ 9
5.3 Types of keywords .............................................................................................................................. 10
5.3.1 Simple keywords ................................................................................................................................. 10
5.3.2 Composite keywords .......................................................................................................................... 11
5.3.3 Navigation/interaction (input) and verification (output) .................................................................. 14
5.3.4 Keywords and test result .................................................................................................................... 14
5.4 Keywords and Data ............................................................................................................................. 15
6 Application of Keyword-Driven Testing ............................................................................................ 16
6.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................... 16
6.2 Identifying keywords ........................................................................................................................... 16
6.3 Composing test cases ........................................................................................................................ 17
6.4 Keywords and data-driven testing ..................................................................................................... 18
6.5 Modularity and refactoring ................................................................................................................. 19
6.6 Keyword-Driven Testing in the Test Design Process ...................................................................... 19
6.6.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................... 19
6.6.2 TD1 Identify Feature Sets ................................................................................................................... 20
6.6.3 TD2 Derive Test Conditions ............................................................................................................... 20
6.6.4 TD3 Derive Test Coverage Items ....................................................................................................... 20
6.6.5 TD4 Derive Test Cases ........................................................................................................................ 21
6.6.6 TD5 Assemble Test Sets ..................................................................................................................... 22
6.6.7 TD6 Derive Test Procedures .............................................................................................................. 22
6.7 Converting non keyword-driven test cases into Keyword-Driven Testing ................................... 22
7 Keyword-Driven Testing Frameworks ............................................................................................... 22
7.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................... 22
7.2 Components of a Keyword-Driven Testing framework ................................................................... 23
7.2.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................... 23
7.2.2 Keyword-driven Editor ........................................................................................................................ 25
7.2.3 Decomposer ......................................................................................................................................... 26
7.2.4 Data sequencer .................................................................................................................................... 26
7.2.5 Manual test assistant .......................................................................................................................... 26
7.2.6 Tool bridge ........................................................................................................................................... 26
7.2.7 Test execution environment and execution engine ......................................................................... 26
7.2.8 Keyword library ................................................................................................................................... 27
7.2.9 Data ....................................................................................................................................................... 27
7.2.10 Script repository .................................................................................................................................. 27
7.3 Basic attributes of the Keyword-Driven Testing framework ........................................................... 27
7.3.1 General information on basic attributes ........................................................................................... 27
Authorized licensed use limited to: Henan Polytechnic University. Downloaded on May 31,2020 at 11:29:05 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. ISO/IEC/IEEE 29119-5:2016(E)
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© ISO/IEC 2016 – All rights reserved
© IEEE 2016 – All rights reserved
7.3.2 General attributes ................................................................................................................................27
7.3.3 Dedicated keyword-driven editor (tool) .............................................................................................28
7.3.4 Decomposer and data sequencer ......................................................................................................29
7.3.5 Manual test assistant (tool) ................................................................................................................29
7.3.6 Tool bridge ...........................................................................................................................................29
7.3.7 Test execution engine .........................................................................................................................29
7.3.8 Keyword library ....................................................................................................................................30
7.3.9 Script repository ..................................................................................................................................30
7.4 Advanced attributes of frameworks ...................................................................................................30
7.4.1 General information on advanced attributes ....................................................................................30
7.4.2 General attributes ................................................................................................................................30
7.4.3 Dedicated keyword-driven editor (tool) .............................................................................................31
7.4.4 Decomposer and data sequencer ......................................................................................................31
7.4.5 Manual test assistant ..........................................................................................................................31
7.4.6 Tool bridge ...........................................................................................................................................31
7.4.7 Test execution environment and execution engine .........................................................................32
7.4.8 Keyword library ....................................................................................................................................33
7.4.9 Test data support .................................................................................................................................33
7.4.10 Script repository ..................................................................................................................................33
8 Data interchange ..................................................................................................................................33
Annex A (normative) Conventions ..................................................................................................................34
Annex B (informative) Benefits and Issues of Keyword-Driven Testing .....................................................35
B.1 General benefits of Keyword-Driven Testing ....................................................................................35
B.2 Benefits of Keyword-Driven Testing for test automation ................................................................35
B.3 Benefits of Keyword-Driven Testing for manual testing .................................................................36
B.4 Possible issues with Keyword-Driven Testing .................................................................................36
Annex C (informative) Getting started with Keyword-Driven Testing ..........................................................37
C.1 General ..................................................................................................................................................37
C.2 Identifying Keywords ..........................................................................................................................37
C.3 Composing test cases .........................................................................................................................38
Annex D (informative) Roles and Tasks ..........................................................................................................39
D.1 Overview – Roles and Tasks ..............................................................................................................39
D.2 Domain expert ......................................................................................................................................39
D.3 Test designer ........................................................................................................................................39
D.4 Test automation expert .......................................................................................................................40
Annex E (informative) Basic keywords ...........................................................................................................41
E.1 Overview ...............................................................................................................................................41
E.2 Basic keywords for a GUI ...................................................................................................................41
E.3 Example application of basic keywords ............................................................................................45
Annex F (informative) Examples .......................................................................................................................49
F.1 Overview ...............................................................................................................................................49
F.2 Example: test procedure from ISO/IEC/IEEE 29119-3 ......................................................................49
F.3 Example: Test of shopping procedure with low-level keywords ....................................................51
F.4 Example for calculator with low-level keywords ..............................................................................52
F.5 Example for calculator with domain level keywords .......................................................................52
Annex G Bibliography ........................................................................................................................................54
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