840DSL与828D基础部分 编程手册

【实例截图】

【核心代码】

目录
言 前言..................................................................................................................................................3
1
..................................................................................................................................................3
1 础 几何原理基础 ..................................................................................................................................13
1.1 工件位置............................................................................................................................. 13
1.1.1 工件坐标系 ......................................................................................................................... 13
1.1.2 直角坐标系 ......................................................................................................................... 14
1.1.3 极坐标 ................................................................................................................................ 17
1.1.4 绝对尺寸............................................................................................................................. 18
1.1.5 增量尺寸............................................................................................................................. 20
1.2 工作平面............................................................................................................................. 22
1.3 零点和参考点...................................................................................................................... 24
1.4 坐标系 ................................................................................................................................ 26
1.4.1 机床坐标系 （MKS） ......................................................................................................... 26
1.4.2 基准坐标系（BCS）........................................................................................................... 28
1.4.3 基准零点坐标系 （BNS）................................................................................................... 31
1.4.4 可设定的零点坐标系（ENS） ............................................................................................ 32
1.4.5 工件坐标系 (WCS).............................................................................................................. 33
1.4.6 各种坐标系相互之间有什么关联？...................................................................................... 33
2 础 数控编程基础 ..................................................................................................................................35
2.1 命名NC程序........................................................................................................................ 36
2.2 NC程序的结构和内容 ......................................................................................................... 38
2.2.1 程序段和程序段分量........................................................................................................... 38
2.2.2 程序段规则 ......................................................................................................................... 40
2.2.3 赋值.................................................................................................................................... 42
2.2.4 注释.................................................................................................................................... 42
2.2.5 程序段跳转 ......................................................................................................................... 43
3 编制 NC 程序的创建 ........................................................................................................................47
3.1 基本步骤............................................................................................................................. 47
3.2 可用的字符 ......................................................................................................................... 49
3.3 程序头 ................................................................................................................................ 51
3.4 程序示例............................................................................................................................. 53
3.4.1 示例 1： 第一个编程步骤 ................................................................................................... 53
3.4.2 示例 2： 用于车削的 NC程序 ............................................................................................. 54
3.4.3 示例 3： 用于铣削的 NC程序 ............................................................................................. 55
4 刀 换刀 ................................................................................................................................................59
目录
基础部分
8 编程手册, 03/2010, 6FC5398-1BP20-1RA0
4.1 无刀具管理情况下的换刀.....................................................................................................60
4.1.1 使用 T 指令换刀 ..................................................................................................................60
4.1.2 使用 M6 换刀.......................................................................................................................61
4.2 使用刀具管理（选件）进行换刀..........................................................................................63
4.2.1 在刀具管理（选件）被激活时，使用 T 指令换刀 ................................................................63
4.2.2 刀具管理（选件）激活时使用 M6 进行换刀 ........................................................................66
4.3 T 编程出错时的特性............................................................................................................68
5 偿 刀具补偿 .........................................................................................................................................69
5.1 刀具补偿的常用信息............................................................................................................69
5.2 刀具长度补偿.......................................................................................................................70
5.3 刀具半径补偿.......................................................................................................................71
5.4 刀具补偿存储器...................................................................................................................72
5.5 刀具类型..............................................................................................................................74
5.5.1 刀具类型的常用信息............................................................................................................74
5.5.2 铣刀.....................................................................................................................................74
5.5.3 钻头.....................................................................................................................................76
5.5.4 磨具.....................................................................................................................................77
5.5.5 车刀.....................................................................................................................................78
5.5.6 特种刀具..............................................................................................................................80
5.5.7 级联规则..............................................................................................................................81
5.6 刀具补偿调用（D）.............................................................................................................82
5.7 修改刀具补偿数据 ...............................................................................................................85
5.8 可编程的刀具补偿偏移（TOFFL， TOFF， TOFFR） .......................................................86
6 动 主轴运动 .........................................................................................................................................91
6.1 主轴转速（S），主轴旋转方向（M3，M4，M5）..............................................................91
6.2 切削速度（SVC）...............................................................................................................95
6.3 恒定切削速度 (G96/G961/G962, G97/G971/G972, G973, LIMS, SCC)............................102
6.4 恒定的砂轮圆周速度 （GWPSON, GWPSOF）................................................................109
6.5 可编程的主轴转速极限（G25，G26）..............................................................................111
7 制 进给控制 .......................................................................................................................................113
7.1 进给率（G93，G94，G95，F，FGROUP，FL，FGREF）.............................................113
7.2 运行定位轴 （POS, POSA, POSP, FA, WAITP, WAITMC） ............................................122
7.3 位置控制的主轴运动（SPCON, SPCOF）........................................................................126
7.4 定位主轴（SPOS，SPOSA，M19，M70，WAITS）：...................................................127
 目录
基础部分
编程手册, 03/2010, 6FC5398-1BP20-1RA0 9
7.5 用于定位轴/主轴的进给率（FA, FPR, FPRAON, FPRAOF）........................................... 135
7.6 可编程的加速度修调（ACC）（选项）............................................................................ 141
7.7 进给率：带手轮倍率 （FD, FDA）................................................................................... 143
7.8 曲线轨迹部分的进给率优化 （CFTCP, CFC, CFIN）....................................................... 147
7.9 一个程序段中的多个进给率值 （F, ST, SR, FMA, STA, SRA）....................................... 150
7.10 非模态进给 （FB）........................................................................................................... 153
7.11 每齿进给量（G95 FZ）.................................................................................................... 154
8 置 几何设置 .......................................................................................................................................161
8.1 可设定的零点偏移（G54 ... G57，G505 ... G599，G53，G500，SUPA，G153）......... 161
8.2 工作平面选择（G17/G18/G19） ...................................................................................... 167
8.3 尺寸说明........................................................................................................................... 171
8.3.1 绝对尺寸说明 （G90, AC）.............................................................................................. 171
8.3.2 增量尺寸说明（G91, IC） ................................................................................................ 174
8.3.3 车削和铣削时的绝对和增量尺寸说明（G90/G91） .......................................................... 177
8.3.4 用于回转轴的的绝对尺寸（DC, ACP, ACN）................................................................... 178
8.3.5 英制尺寸说明或公制尺寸说明（G70/G700, G71/G710）................................................. 181
8.3.6 通道专用的直径/半径编程 （DIAMON，DIAM90，DIAMOF，DIAMCYCOF） ............... 183
8.3.7 轴专用的直径/半径编程（DIAMONA，DIAM90A，DIAMOFA，DIACYCOFA，
DIAMCHANA，DIAMCHAN，DAC，DIC，RAC，RIC）................................................ 186
8.4 旋转时的工件位置............................................................................................................. 191
9 令 位移指令 .......................................................................................................................................193
9.1 关于行程指令的常用信息.................................................................................................. 193
9.2 使用直角坐标的运行指令（G0, G1, G2, G3, X..., Y..., Z...）............................................ 195
9.3 使用极坐标的运行指令 ..................................................................................................... 197
9.3.1 极坐标的参考点（G110, G111, G112）........................................................................... 197
9.3.2 使用极坐标的运行指令（G0, G1, G2, G3, AP, RP）........................................................ 199
9.4 快速运行（G0, RTLION, RTLIOF）................................................................................. 203
9.5 直线插补（G1）............................................................................................................... 208
9.6 圆弧插补........................................................................................................................... 211
9.6.1 圆弧插补方式（G2/G3, ...）............................................................................................. 211
9.6.2 给出中心点和终点的圆弧插补（G2/G3, X... Y... Z..., I... J... K...）................................... 214
9.6.3 给出半径和终点的圆弧插补（G2/G3, X... Y... Z.../ I... J... K..., CR）................................ 218
9.6.4 给出张角和中心点的圆弧插补（G2/G3, X... Y... Z.../ I... J... K..., AR）............................ 220
9.6.5 带有极坐标的圆弧插补（G2/G3, AP, RP）...................................................................... 222
9.6.6 给出中间点和终点的圆弧插补（CIP, X... Y... Z..., I1... J1... K1...）.................................. 224
9.6.7 带有切线过渡的圆弧插补（CT, X... Y... Z...）.................................................................. 227
目录
基础部分
10 编程手册, 03/2010, 6FC5398-1BP20-1RA0
9.7 螺旋线插补（G2/G3，TURN）.........................................................................................232
9.8 渐开线－插补（INVCW, INVCCW）.................................................................................235
9.9 轮廓基准............................................................................................................................240
9.9.1 关于轮廓基准的常用信息...................................................................................................240
9.9.2 轮廓基准： 一条直线（ANG）..........................................................................................241
9.9.3 轮廓基准： 两条直线（ANG）..........................................................................................242
9.9.4 轮廓基准： 三条直线（ANG）..........................................................................................246
9.9.5 轮廓基准： 带有角度的终点编程.......................................................................................250
9.10 带恒定螺距的切削螺纹（G33） ........................................................................................251
9.10.1 带恒定螺距的螺纹切削（G33, SF）..................................................................................251
9.10.2 编程过的导入和导出行程（DITS, DITE） .........................................................................258
9.11 带有递增螺距与递减螺距的螺纹切削（G34，G35）.........................................................261
9.12 不带补偿夹具的攻丝（G331, G332） ...............................................................................263
9.13 带补偿夹具的攻丝（G63） ...............................................................................................268
9.14 螺纹切削时快速回程（LFON，LFOF，DILF，ALF，LFTXT，LFWP，LFPOS，
POLF，POLFMASK，POLFMLIN）.................................................................................270
9.15 倒角，倒圆 （CHF, CHR, RND, RNDM, FRC, FRCM）...................................................274
10 偿 刀具半径补偿 ................................................................................................................................281
10.1 刀具半径补偿（G40, G41, G42, OFFN） .........................................................................281
10.2 轮廓返回和离开 （NORM, KONT, KONTC, KONTT） .....................................................291
10.3 外角的补偿（G450, G451, DISC）...................................................................................298
10.4 平滑逼近和退回.................................................................................................................302
10.4.1 逼近和回退运行（G140 至 G143，G147，G148，G247，G248，G347，G348，
G340，G341，DISR，DISCL，FAD，PM，PR）...........................................................302
10.4.2 用平滑运行策略进行逼近和退回（G460、G461、G462） ...............................................314
10.5 碰撞监控 （CDON、CDOF、CDOF2）............................................................................318
10.6 2D 刀具补偿 (CUT2D, CUT2DF).......................................................................................322
10.7 保持恒定刀具半径补偿 （CUTCONON, CUTCONOF） ...................................................325
10.8 刀具带相应的刀沿 .............................................................................................................328
11 性 轨迹运行特性 ................................................................................................................................331
11.1 准停 （G60, G9, G601, G602, G603）.............................................................................331
11.2 连续路径运行（G64，G641，G642，G643，G644，G645，ADIS，ADISPOS）..........335
12 ） 坐标转换（框架） .........................................................................................................................345
12.1 框架...................................................................................................................................345
 目录
基础部分
编程手册, 03/2010, 6FC5398-1BP20-1RA0 11
12.2 框架指令........................................................................................................................... 347
12.3 可编程的零点偏移............................................................................................................. 352
12.3.1 零点偏移（TRANS，ATRANS）...................................................................................... 352
12.3.2 可编程的零点偏移（G58，G59） .................................................................................... 356
12.4 可编程的旋转 （ROT，AROT，RPL）............................................................................ 359
12.5 编程的框架旋转，带立体角（ROTS, AROTS, CROTS） ................................................ 370
12.6 可编程的比例系数 （SCALE, ASCALE）......................................................................... 372
12.7 可编程的镜像 （MIRROR, AMIRROR）.......................................................................... 376
12.8 在对刀以后产生框架（TOFRAME, TOROT, PAROT）.................................................... 382
12.9 取消框架（G53, G153, SUPA, G500）............................................................................ 386
12.10 取消叠加运行（DRFOF，CORROF）............................................................................. 387
13 出 辅助功能输出 ................................................................................................................................391
13.1 M 功能.............................................................................................................................. 395
14 令 补充指令 .......................................................................................................................................399
14.1 输出提示信息（MSG） .................................................................................................... 399
14.2 在 BTSS 变量中写入字符串(WRTPR).............................................................................. 401
14.3 工作区极限 ....................................................................................................................... 403
14.3.1 BCS 中的工作区限制（G25/G26，WALIMON, WALIMOF）........................................... 403
14.3.2 在 WCS/ENS 中的工作区域限制 (WALCS0 ... WALCS10)............................................... 406
14.4 参考点运行（G74） ......................................................................................................... 410
14.5 返回固定点（G75，G751）............................................................................................. 411
14.6 运行到固定挡块（FXS, FXST, FXSW）........................................................................... 416
14.7 加速性能........................................................................................................................... 421
14.7.1 加速模式（BRISK，BRISKA，SOFT，SOFTA，DRIVE，DRIVEA） ............................ 421
14.7.2 跟随轴时的加速影响(VELOLIMA、ACCLIMA、JERKLIMA）.......................................... 423
14.7.3 激活工艺专用动态值（DYNNORM，DYNPOS，DYNROUGH，DYNSEMIFIN，
DYNFINISH） .................................................................................................................. 426
14.8 带预控制运行（FFWON, FFWOF）................................................................................. 428
14.9 轮廓精确度 （CPRECON, CPRECOF）.......................................................................... 429
14.10 暂停时间（G4）............................................................................................................... 430
14.11 内部预处理程序停止......................................................................................................... 432
15 息 其它信息 .......................................................................................................................................433
15.1 进给轴 .............................................................................................................................. 433
15.1.1 主轴/几何轴 ...................................................................................................................... 434
目录
基础部分
12 编程手册, 03/2010, 6FC5398-1BP20-1RA0
15.1.2 辅助轴 ...............................................................................................................................435
15.1.3 主轴，主主轴.....................................................................................................................436
15.1.4 加工轴 ...............................................................................................................................436
15.1.5 通道轴 ...............................................................................................................................437
15.1.6 轨迹轴 ...............................................................................................................................437
15.1.7 定位轴 ...............................................................................................................................437
15.1.8 同步轴 ...............................................................................................................................438
15.1.9 指令轴 ...............................................................................................................................438
15.1.10 PLC 轴 ..............................................................................................................................438
15.1.11 链接轴 ...............................................................................................................................439
15.1.12 引导链接轴........................................................................................................................441
15.2 运行指令和机床运行..........................................................................................................443
15.3 位移计算............................................................................................................................444
15.4 地址...................................................................................................................................446
15.5 名称...................................................................................................................................451
15.6 常量...................................................................................................................................453
16 表 表 .................................................................................................................................................455
16.1 指令列表............................................................................................................................455
16.2 地址...................................................................................................................................538
16.3 G 功能组 ...........................................................................................................................551
16.4 预定义子程序调用 .............................................................................................................573
16.5 同步运动中的预定义子程序调用........................................................................................590
16.6 预定义功能........................................................................................................................591
A 录 附录 ..............................................................................................................................................597
A.1 缩略符列表........................................................................................................................597
A.2 资料反馈............................................................................................................................604
A.3 资料概览............................................................................................................................606
表 词汇表 ..........................................................................................................................................607
..........................................................................................................................................607
引 索引