车牌识别.m

【实例简介】车牌识别.m

【实例截图】

【核心代码】clear;
clc;
close all;
I=imread('img.png');
imshow(I);
title("原图");
I1=rgb2gray(I);
figure(2);
imshow(I1);
title('灰度图');
I2=edge(I1, 'Roberts',0.11,'both');
figure(3) ,
imshow(I2);
title('robert算子边缘检测');
se=[1;1;1];
I3=imerode(I2,se);
figure(4) ,
imshow(I3);
title('腐蚀后图像');
se=strel('rectangle',[25,25]);
I4=imclose(I3,se);
figure(5),
imshow(I4) ;
title('平滑图像的轮廓');
I5=bwareaopen(I4, 2000) ;
figure(6), 
imshow(I5);
title('从对象中移除小对象');
[y, x,z]=size(I5);
myI=double(I5);
tic
Blue_y=zeros(y,1);
for i=1:y
    for j=1 :x
        if(myI(i,j,1)==1)
            Blue_y(i,1)= Blue_y(i,1) 1;%蓝色像素点统计
        end
    end
end
[temp,MaxY]=max(Blue_y);%Y方向车牌区域确定
PY1=MaxY;
while ((Blue_y(PY1,1)>=5)&&(PY1>1))
    PY1=PY1-1;
end
PY2=MaxY;
while ((Blue_y(PY2,1)>=5)&&(PY2<y))
    PY2=PY2 1;
end
IY=I(PY1 :PY2,:,:);
%%%%%%X方向%%%%%%

Blue_x=zeros(1,x);%进一步确定x方向的车牌区域
for j=1 :x
    for i=PY1:PY2
        if(myI(i,j,1)==1)
            Blue_x(1,j)= Blue_x(1,j) 1;
        end
    end
end


PX1=1;
while ((Blue_x(1,PX1)<3)&&(PX1<x))
    PX1=PX1 1;
end
PX2=x ;
while ((Blue_x(1, PX2)<3)&&(PX2>PX1))
    PX2=PX2-1;
end
PX1=PX1-1;%对车牌区域的校正PX2=PX2 1;
dw=I(PY1-1:PY2 1,PX1-1:PX2 1,:) ;
t=toc;
figure(7) ,
subplot(1,2,1) , 
imshow(IY),
title('行方向区域');
figure(7) , 
subplot(1,2,2),
imshow(dw), 
title('定位后的彩色车牌图像');
imwrite(dw, 'dw.jpg') ;
[filename, filepath]=uigetfile(' dw.jpg','输入一个定位裁剪后的车牌图像');
jpg=strcat(filepath,filename) ;
a=imread('dw.jpg') ;


b=rgb2gray(a) ;
imwrite (b, '1.车牌灰度图像.jpg') ;
figure (8) ; 
imshow (b), 
title('1．车牌灰度图像');
g_max=double (max(max (b)) ) ;
g_min=double(min(min(b)) ) ;
T=round(g_max-(g_max-g_min)/3); %T为二值化的阀值
[m,n]=size(b);
d=(double(b)>=T); % d:二值图像
imwrite(d,'2.车牌二值图像.jpg') ;
figure(9) , 
imshow(d) , 
title('2.车牌二值图像');
figure(10), 
imshow(d), 
title('3.均值滤波前');
%滤波
h=fspecial('average',3);
d=im2bw(round(filter2(h, d))) ;
imwrite(d,'4.均值滤波后.jpg') ;
figure(11),
imshow(d) , 
title('4.均值滤波后');
%某些图像进行操作
%膨胀或腐蚀
% se=strel('square',3):%使用一个3X3的正方形结果元素对象对创建的图像进行膨胀
% 'line’'/' diamond'/' ball'...
se=eye(2); % eye(n) returns the n-by-n identity matrix单位矩阵
[m, n]=size(d);


if bwarea(d)/m/n>=0.365
    d=imerode(d, se);
elseif bwarea(d)/m/n<=0.235
    d=imdilate(d, se);
end
imwrite(d, '5.膨胀或腐蚀处理后.jpg') ;
figure(12), 
imshow(d) , 
title('5．膨胀或腐蚀处理后');
%寻找连续有文字的块，若长度大于某阈值，则认为该块有两个字符组成，需要分割
d=qiege(d) ;
[m, n]=size(d) ;
figure,
subplot(2,1,1) , 
imshow(d) , 
title(n)
k1=1;
k2=1 ; 
s=sum(d) ; 
j=1;
while j~=n
    while s(j)==0
        j=j 1;
    end
    k1=j;
    while s(j)~=0 && j<=n-1
        j=j 1;
    end
    k2=j-1;
    if k2-k1>=round(n/6.5)
        [val, num]=min(sum(d(:,[k1 5:k2-5])));
        d (: , k1 num 5)=0;%分割
    end
end
%再切割
d=qiege(d) ;
%切割出7个字符
y1=10; 
y2=0.25;
flag=0 ; 
word1=[];
while flag==0
    [m, n]=size(d) ;
    left=1;
    wide=0 ;
    while sum(d(: ,wide 1))~=0
        wide=wide 1;
    end
    if wide<y1 %认为是左侧干扰
        d (:,[1 :wide])=0;
        d=qiege(d) ;
    else
        temp=qiege(imcrop(d,[1 1 wide m]));
        [m,n]=size(temp);
        all=sum(sum(temp));
        two_thirds=sum(sum(temp ( round (m/3):2*round (m/3),:)) );%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
        if two_thirds/all>y2
            flag=1;
            word1=temp; % WORD 1
        end
        d (:,[1 :wide])=0 ;
        d=qiege(d) ;
    end
end
%分割出第二个字符
[word2,d]=getword(d) ;
%分割出第三个字符
[word3, d]=getword(d) ;
%分割出第四个字符
[word4, d]=getword(d) ;
%分割出第五个字符
[word5, d]=getword (d);
%分割出第六个字符
[word6, d]=getword(d) ;
%分割出第七个字符
[word7, d]=getword (d) ;
% subplot(5,7,1), 
% imshow(word1), 
% title('1');
% 
% 
% subplot(5,7,2) , 
% imshow(word2), 
% title('2') ;
% subplot(5,7,3), 
% imshow(word3) ,
% title(' 3' ) ;
% subplot(5,7,4) , 
% imshow(word4), 
% title('4') ;
% subplot(5,7,5) , 
% imshow(word5), 
% title('5') ;
% subplot(5,7,6) , 
% imshow(word6) , 
% title('6' ) ;
% subplot(5,7,7) , 
% imshow(word7),imwrite(word1,'1.png');
% title('7') ;
[m,n]=size(word1);
%商用系统程序中归一化大小为40=20,此处演示

wordl=p_resize(word1);
word2=p_resize(word2) ;
word3=p_resize(word3);
word4=p_resize(word4);
word5=p_resize(word5);
word6=p_resize(word6);
word7=p_resize(word7) ;

subplot(5,7,1), 
imshow(word1), 
title('1');


subplot(5,7,2) , 
imshow(word2), 
title('2') ;
subplot(5,7,3), 
imshow(word3) ,
title(' 3' ) ;
subplot(5,7,4) , 
imshow(word4), 
title('4') ;
subplot(5,7,5) , 
imshow(word5), 
title('5') ;
subplot(5,7,6) , 
imshow(word6) , 
title('6' ) ;
subplot(5,7,7) , 
imshow(word7),imwrite(word1,'1.png');
title('7') ;


wordl=imresize(word1,[28 28]);
word2=imresize(word2,[28 28]) ;
word3=imresize(word3,[28 28]);
word4=imresize(word4,[28 28]);
word5=imresize(word5,[28 28]);
word6=imresize(word6,[28 28]);
word7=imresize(word7,[28 28]) ;
subplot(5,7,15) , 
imshow(word1), 
title('1') ;
subplot(5,7,16), 
imshow(word2), 
title('2') ;
subplot(5,7,17) , 
imshow(word3), 
title('3') ;

subplot (5,7,18) , 
imshow (word4) ,
title('4');
subplot(5,7,19), 
imshow(word5), 
title('5');
subplot(5,7,20) , 
imshow(word6), 
title(' 6') ;
subplot(5,7,21) ,
imshow (word7), 
title('7') ;

imwrite(word1,'1.png');
imwrite(word2,'2.png');
imwrite(word3,'3.png');
imwrite(word4,'4.png');
imwrite(word5,'5.png');
imwrite(word6,'6.png');
imwrite(word7,'7.png');


function e=qiege(d)
[m, n]=size(d) ;
top=1 ; 
bottom=m;
left=1 ;
right=n; % init
while sum(d(top, : )) ==0 && top<=m
    top=top 1;
end
while sum(d(bottom,: ) )==0 && bottom>=1
    bottom=bottom-1;
end
while sum(d(: , left))==0 && left<=n
    left=left 1;
end
while sum(d(:,right))==0 && right>=1
    right=right-1;
end
dd=right-left;hh=bottom-top;
e=imcrop(d,[left top dd hh]) ;
end


function [word,d]=getword(d)%, result
word=[];
flag=0 ;
y1=8 ;
y2=0.5;
while flag==0
    [m, n]=size(d) ;
    wide=0;
    while sum(d(:, wide 1))~=0 && wide<=n-2
        wide=wide 1;
    end
    temp=qiege(imcrop(d,[1 1 wide m]));
    [m1, n1]=size(temp);
    if wide<y1 && n1/m1>y2
        d(:,[1:wide])=0 ;
        if sum(sum(d))~=0
            d=qiege(d); %切割出最小范围
        else word=[];
            flag=1;
        end
    else
        word=qiege(imcrop(d,[1 1 wide m])) ;
        d(: ,[1:wide])=0;
        if sum(sum(d))~=0
            d=qiege(d) ;
            flag=1;
        else d=[];
        end
    end
end
end

function [photo] = p_resize(word)
    [m,n] = size(word);
    k = max(m,n) 8
    photo = zeros(k,k);
    a = uint8((k-m)/2)
    b = uint8((k-n)/2)
    for i = a:m a-1
        for j = b:b n-1
            i,j
            photo(i,j) = photo(i,j) word(i-a 1,j-b 1);
        end
    end
end