实例介绍
ISO 12207-2017 软件生存周期过程
【目录】
Contents Page Foreword ......................................................................................................................................................................................... vi Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................. vii 1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Purpose ............................................................................................................................................................................. 1 1.3 Field of application ........................................................................................................................................................ 1 1.4 Limitations ....................................................................................................................................................................... 2 2 Normative references ................................................................................................................................................... 2 3 Terms, definitions, and abbreviated terms ........................................................................................................... 2 3.1 Terms and definitions .................................................................................................................................................. 2 3.2 Abbreviated terms ...................................................................................................................................................... 11 4 Conformance ................................................................................................................................................................. 11 4.1 Intended usage ............................................................................................................................................................. 11 4.2 Full conformance ......................................................................................................................................................... 12 4.2.1 Full conformance to outcomes ................................................................................................................................ 12 4.2.2 Full conformance to tasks ........................................................................................................................................ 12 4.3 Tailored conformance ............................................................................................................................................... 12 5 Key concepts and application .................................................................................................................................. 13 5.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................. 13 5.2 Software system concepts ........................................................................................................................................ 13 5.2.1 Software systems ......................................................................................................................................................... 13 5.2.2 Software system structure ....................................................................................................................................... 13 5.2.3 Enabling systems ......................................................................................................................................................... 15 5.2.4 Life cycle processes for the software system ..................................................................................................... 16 5.3 Organization and project concepts ........................................................................................................................ 16 5.3.1 Organizations ............................................................................................................................................................... 16 5.3.2 Organization and project-level adoption ............................................................................................................ 17 5.4 Life cycle concepts ...................................................................................................................................................... 17 5.4.1 Software life cycle stages .......................................................................................................................................... 17 5.4.2 Life cycle model for the software system ............................................................................................................ 17 5.5 Process concepts ......................................................................................................................................................... 19 5.5.1 Criteria for processes ................................................................................................................................................. 19 5.5.2 Description of processes ........................................................................................................................................... 19 5.5.3 General characteristics of processes .................................................................................................................... 19 5.5.4 Tailoring ......................................................................................................................................................................... 19 5.6 Process groups ............................................................................................................................................................. 19 5.6.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................. 19 5.6.2 Agreement processes ................................................................................................................................................. 21 5.6.3 Organizational project-enabling processes ........................................................................................................ 22 5.6.4 Technical Management processes ......................................................................................................................... 22 5.6.5 Technical processes ................................................................................................................................................... 22 5.7 Process application .................................................................................................................................................... 22 5.8 Process reference model .......................................................................................................................................... 23 6 Software life cycle processes ................................................................................................................................... 24 6.1 Agreement processes ................................................................................................................................................. 24 6.1.1 Acquisition process .................................................................................................................................................... 24 6.1.2 Supply process ............................................................................................................................................................. 27 6.2 Organizational Project-Enabling processes ....................................................................................................... 28 6.2.1 Life cycle model management process ................................................................................................................. 29 6.2.2 Infrastructure Management process .................................................................................................................... 30 6.2.3 Portfolio Management process ............................................................................................................................... 31 6.2.4 Human Resource Management process ............................................................................................................... 33 Authorized licensed use limited to: Burapha University provided by UniNet. 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ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207:2017(E) iv © ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved © IEEE 2017 – All rights reserved 6.2.5 Quality Management process ................................................................................................................................... 34 6.2.6 Knowledge Management process ........................................................................................................................... 36 6.3 Technical Management processes .......................................................................................................................... 37 6.3.1 Project Planning process ........................................................................................................................................... 38 6.3.2 Project assessment and control process .............................................................................................................. 40 6.3.3 Decision Management process ................................................................................................................................ 43 6.3.4 Risk Management process ........................................................................................................................................ 44 6.3.5 Configuration Management process ...................................................................................................................... 46 6.3.6 Information Management process ......................................................................................................................... 50 6.3.7 Measurement process ................................................................................................................................................ 52 6.3.8 Quality Assurance process ........................................................................................................................................ 53 6.4 Technical processes .................................................................................................................................................... 55 6.4.1 Business or Mission Analysis process ................................................................................................................... 56 6.4.2 Stakeholder Needs and Requirements Definition process ............................................................................ 59 6.4.3 System/Software requirements definition process ......................................................................................... 63 6.4.4 Architecture Definition process .............................................................................................................................. 66 6.4.5 Design Definition process ......................................................................................................................................... 71 6.4.6 System Analysis process ............................................................................................................................................ 74 6.4.7 Implementation process ........................................................................................................................................... 75 6.4.8 Integration process ..................................................................................................................................................... 79 6.4.9 Verification process .................................................................................................................................................... 82 6.4.10 Transition process....................................................................................................................................................... 85 6.4.11 Validation process ....................................................................................................................................................... 89 6.4.12 Operation process ....................................................................................................................................................... 92 6.4.13 Maintenance process .................................................................................................................................................. 95 6.4.14 Disposal process .......................................................................................................................................................... 99 Annex A (normative) Tailoring process ........................................................................................................................... 102 A.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 102 A.2 Tailoring process ...................................................................................................................................................... 102 A.2.1 Purpose ........................................................................................................................................................................ 102 A.2.2 Outcomes ..................................................................................................................................................................... 102 A.2.3 Activities and tasks .................................................................................................................................................. 102 Annex B (informative) Examples of process information items ............................................................................... 104 Annex C (informative) Process Reference Model for assessment purposes ......................................................... 107 C.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 107 C.2 Conformance with ISO/IEC 33004 ....................................................................................................................... 107 C.2.1 General ......................................................................................................................................................................... 107 C.2.2 Requirements for process reference models .................................................................................................. 107 C.2.3 Process descriptions ................................................................................................................................................ 108 C.3 The process reference model ............................................................................................................................... 108 Annex D (informative) Process integration and process constructs ........................................................................ 109 D.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 109 D.2 Process constructs and their usage .................................................................................................................... 109 Annex E (informative) Process views ................................................................................................................................ 111 E.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 111 E.2 The process view concept ...................................................................................................................................... 111 E.3 Process viewpoint .................................................................................................................................................... 111 E.4 Process view for specialty engineering ............................................................................................................. 112 E.5 Process view for interface management ........................................................................................................... 114 E.6 Process view for software assurance (Information security) .................................................................... 116 Annex F (informative) Software system architecture modelling .............................................................................. 120 F.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 120 F.2 Views, models and model kinds used in software system architecture ................................................. 120 F.2.1 Functional model ...................................................................................................................................................... 120 F.2.2 Static model ................................................................................................................................................................ 121 F.2.3 Data model .................................................................................................................................................................. 121 F.2.4 Behavioral model ...................................................................................................................................................... 121 F.2.5 Temporal model ........................................................................................................................................................ 121 F.2.6 Structural model ....................................................................................................................................................... 121 Authorized licensed use limited to: Burapha University provided by UniNet. Downloaded on January 08,2018 at 04:42:14 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207:2017(E) v © ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved © IEEE 2017 – All rights reserved F.2.7 Network model .......................................................................................................................................................... 121 F.3 Other model considerations .................................................................................................................................. 121 Annex G (informative) Application of software life cycle processes to a system of systems ........................... 123 G.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................ 123 G.2 SoS characteristics and types ................................................................................................................................ 123 G.3 SE processes applied to systems of systems ..................................................................................................... 124 G.3.1 General ......................................................................................................................................................................... 124 G.3.2 Agreement processes ............................................................................................................................................... 124 G.3.3 Organizational project enabling processes ...................................................................................................... 124 G.3.4 Technical management processes ....................................................................................................................... 125 G.3.5 Technical processes ................................................................................................................................................. 125 Annex H (informative) Application of Agile ..................................................................................................................... 127 Annex I (informative) Process Mapping from ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207:2008 ............................................................. 129 Bibliography ............................................................................................................................................................................... 143 List of Illustrations Figure 1 —Software system and software system element relationship ................................................................. 14 Figure 2 —Example of software system-of-interest structure ..................................................................................... 14 Figure 3 —Software system-of-interest, its operational environment and enabling systems .......................... 15 Figure 4 —Software life cycle processes ............................................................................................................................. 21 Table B.1 — Sample information items by process ....................................................................................................... 104 Figure D.1 — ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207:2017 and ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015 process constructs ......................... 110 Table G.1 — System of Systems types ................................................................................................................................ 123 Table I.1 — Comparison of processes in ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207:2017 and the previous edition ...................... 129 Table I.2 — Comparison of process outcomes in ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207:2017 and software-related outcomes in the previous edition ........................................................................................................................ 131
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