实例介绍
Newman写的水动力学~ 一部很经典的流体力学教材,书中用另外一种角度诠释了流体运动以及相互作用。
53 The Motion of a Viscous Fluid 3.1 Description of the Flow 54 3.2 Conservation of Mass and Momentum 3.3 The Transport Theorem 3.4 The Continuity Equation 3.5 Euler's Equations 3.6 Stress relations in a Newtonian fluid 3.7 The Nawier-Stokes Equations 72902 3.8 Boundary Conditions 3.9 Body Forces and gravity 3.10 The Flow between Two Parallel Walls 65 3. 11 The Flow through a Pipe 66 3.12 Extermal Flow past One Flat plate 67 3.13 Unsteady Motion of a Flat plate 3.14 Laminar Boundary Layers: Steady Flow Past a Flat Plate 3.15 Laminar Boundary Layers: Steady Two-Dimensional Flow 23 3.16 Laminar Boundary Layers: Closing remarks 3.17 Turbulent Flow: General Aspects 85 3. 18 Turbulent Boundary Layer on a Flat Plate 88 3.19 The 1/7-Power Approximation 4 3.20 Roughness Effects on Turbulent Boundary layers 3.21 Turbulent Boundary Layers: Closing Remarks 98 Problems References The Motion of an Ideal Fluid 4.1 Irrotational Flows 103 4.2 The Velocity Potential 105 4.3 Bernoullis equations 107 4.4 Boundary Conditions 109 4. 5 Simple Potential Flows 4.6 The Stream Function 115 4. 7 The Complex Potential 4.8 Conformal Mapping 4.9 Separation of variables 4. 10 Fixed Bodies and Moving bodies 126 4. 11 Green's Theorem and distrbutions of singularities 127 4. 12 Hydrodynamic Pressure Forces 132 4. 13 Force on a Moving body in an Unbounded fluid 135 4. 14 General Properties of the Added-Mass Coefficients 140 4. 15 The Added mass of Simple Forms 144 4. 16 The Body-Mass Force 148 4. 17 Force on a Body in a Nonuniform Stream 149 4. 18 The Method of Images 152 Problems Refere ences 159 Lifting surfaces 5. 1 Two-Dimensional hydrofoil Theory 161 5.2 Linearized Two-Dimensional Theor 5.3 The Lifting problem 168 5.4 Simple Fol Shapes 172 5.5 Drag Force on a Two-Dimensional F oil 176 5.6 Two-Dimensional Source and Vortex Distributions 177 5.7 Singular Integral equations 180 5.8 Three-Dimensional Vortices 188 5.9 Three-Dimensional Planar Lifting Surfaces 191 5.10 Induced Drag 197 5. 11 Lifting-Line Theory 200 5. 12 Cavity Flows 206 5. 13 Symmetric Cavity Flows 208 5. 14 Supercavitating lifting Foils 215 5. 15 Unsteady Hydrofoil Theory 220 5. 16 Oscillatory Time Dependence 226 5. 17 The Sinusoidal Gust Problem 229 5. 18 Transient problems 230 Problems 232 References 235 237 Waves and Wave effect 6.1 Line arized free-Surface Condition 238 6.2 Plane Progressive Waves 240 6.3 Finite-Depth Eftects 243 6.4 Nonlinear effects 247 6.5 Mass Transport 6.6 Superposition of Plane Waves 252 6. 7 Group velocity 257 6.8 Wave Energy 6.9 Two-Dimensional Ship Waves 266 6. 10 Three-Dimensional Ship Waves 270 6. 11 The Method of Stationary Phase 6. 12 Energy Radiation and Wave Resistance 278 6. 13 Thin-Ship Theory of Wave Resistance 6. 14 Wave Pattern Analysis 284 6. 15 Body Response in Regular Waves 6. 16 Hydrostatics 6. 17 Damping and Added Mass 6.18 Wave-Exciting Force and moment 300 6. 19 Motion of Floating bodies in Regular Waves 307 6.20 Ocean Waves 6.21 Motions of Bodies in Irregular Waves 320 Problems 321 fences 325 328 Hydrodynamics of Slender Bodies 7. 1 Slender Body in an Unbounded Fluid 329 7. 2 Longitudinal Motion 335 7.3 The Lateral Force 338 7.4 Ship Maneuvering: The Hydrodynamic Forces 343 7. 5 Ship Maneuvering: The Equations of Motion 349 7.6 Slender bodies in Waves 354 7. 7 Strip Theory for Ship Motions 362 7.8 Slender bodies in Shallow Water 373 Problems 382 References 384 P reface The applications of hydrodynamics to naval architecture and ocean engineering have expanded dramatically in recent years. Ship design has been related increasingly to the results of scientific research, and a new field of ocean engineering has emerged from the utilization of offshore resources. The number of technical symposia and journals has increased in proportion to this expansion, but the publication of text books has not kept pace. This volume has been prepared to satisfy the need for a textbook on the applications of hydrodynamics to marine problems. These pages have evolved from lecture notes prenared for a first-vear graduate sub- ject in the Department of Ocean Engineering at MIT, and used sub sequently lor undergraduate and gre aquate courses at several other universities. Most of the students involved have taken an introductory course in fuid mechanics, but the necessary fundamentals are presented in a self-contained manner. a knowledge of advanced calculus is as sumed, including vector analysis and complex-variable theory. The subject matter has been chosen primarily for its practical im portance, tempered by the limitations of space and complexity that can be tolerated in a textbook. Notably absent are topics from the field of numerical hydrodynamics such as three-dimensional boundary-layer computations, lifting-surface techniques including propeller theory, Preface and various numerical solutions of wave-body problems. a textbook on these subjects would be a valuable companion to this volume Since most countries of the world have adopted the rationalized metric Systeme International d'Unites (SD), this is used here except for occasionai references to the knot as a unit of speed. Conversion factors for English units of measure are given in the appendix, together with short tables of the relevant physical properties for water and air A unified notation has been adopted, despite the specialized conven tions of some fields. Cartesian coordinates are chosen with the y-axis directed upward. Forces, moments, and body velocities are defined by an indicial notation that differs from the standard convention of ship maneuvering. The symbol L is reserved for the lift force, and D for drag. Thus length is denoted by l and diameter by d. Vessels with a preferred direction of forward motion are oriented toward the positive x-axis, following the practice of naval architecture but contrary to the usual convention of aerodynamics; a fortunate consequence is that a hydrofoil with upward lift force will possess a positive circulation as defined in the counterclockwise sense This text was initiated with the enthusiastic encouragement of Alfred H. Keil, Dean of Engineering at Mit, and Ira Dyer, Head of the Department of Ocean Engineering. Financial support has been pro vided by the office of Naval Research Fluid Mechanics Program which for the past thirty years has fulfilled an invaluable role in the development of this field. Additional thanks are due to the national lence Foundation and the david taylor Naval Ship research and Development Center for their support of the research activities that have filtered down into these pages Many colleagues and former students have helped signicantly with encouragement, advice, and assistance John V. Wehausen of the University of California, Berkeley, pioneered in applying the discipline of contemporary fuid mechanics on a broad front to the teaching of naval architecture; he has been generous with his advice as well as his own extensive lecture notes. Justin E Kerwin of MIT shared in develop ing the course from which this text has evolved and he has been particularly helpful in discussing a broad range of topics. Other col- leagues to whom i am indebted include Chryssostomos Chryssostomi- dis, Edward C. Kern, Patrick Leehey, Chiang C. Mei, Jerome H Milgram, Owen H. Oakley, Jr, and Ronald w. Yeung of MIT; Keith P. Kerney, Choung M. Lee, and Nils salvesen of the david Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center; Robert F. Beck and Preface XI11 T. Francis Ogilvie of the University of Michigan; T. Yao-tsu Wu of the California Institute of Technology; Odd Faltinsen of the Norwegian Technical University; P. Thomas Fink of the University of New South Wales; and ernest o. tuck of the University of Adelaide. Former stu dents who have been particularly helpful in a variety of ways include Elwyn S. Baker, Charles N. Flagg, George S. Hazen, Ki-Han Kim James H. Mays, and Paul J. Shapiro The original illustrations are from the talented pen of Lessel Man sour. The manuscript was typed with proficiency by Jan M. Klimmek, Jacqueline A. Sciacca, and Kathy C. Barrington. My wife Kathleen helped with many editorial tasks and has patiently endured the diver sion of my time 【实例截图】
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