Business analysis For Practitioners Practice Guide

【实例简介】
Business analysis For Practitioners Practice Guide
Library of Congress cataloging-in-Publication Data Business analysis for practitioners a practice guide pages cm Includes bibliographical references ISBN 978-1-62825-069-5(pbk. alk paper)--ISBN 1-62825-069-0(pbk. alk paper)1. Project management 2. Business planning. 3. Management. I. Project Management Institute HD69P75B87452015 6584013--dc23 ISBN:978-162825-069-5 Published b Project Management Institute, Inc 1 4 Campus boulevard Newtown Square, Pennsylvania 19073-3299 USA Phone:+610-356-4600 FaX:+610-356-4647 Email: customercare@pmi.org Internet Www. Pml. org 2015 Project Management Institute, Inc. All rights reserved PMI, the PMI logo, PMBOK, OPM3, PMP, CAPM, PgMP, PfMP, PMI-RMP, PMI-SP, PMI-ACP, PMI-PBA, PROJECT MANAGEMENT JOURNAL, PM NETWORK, PMI TODAY, PULSE OF THE PROFESSION and the slogan MAKING PROJECT MANAGEMENT INDISPENSABLE FOR BUSINESS RESULTS are all marks of Project Management Institute, Inc. For a comprehensive list of PMI trademarkS, contact the PMI Legal Department. 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Any certification or other statement of compliance with any health or safety-related information in this document shall not be attributable to Pmi and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACEmmmmmmm xv 1 INTRODUCTION…,3: 1.1 Purpose of this practice Guide 1.2 Need for this practice guide mmmm 1 1. 3 PMIs Increased Focus on Business Analysis 4 Intended audience for the guide ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■□■■■■■■■■■■■■■■画■■■■■■■■■画■日■■ 5 What is business analysis? 2334 1.6 Who performs Business analysis? 1.6.1 skillset and Expertise Needed for the business analysis role annan. 4 1.6.2 How Organizations Implement Business analysis.m.m. 1.6.3 The Relationship Between the Project Manager, Business Analyst, and other roles 1.6.4 The Need to Build the Relationships 1.7 Definition of Requirement 55666 1.7.1 Who has the Responsibility for the requirements? m.en. 1.7.2 Requirement types.m.e..en.n.. 1. 8 The structure of the Practice guide 8 1.8.1 Section 2on Needs assessment 8 1. 8.2 Section 3 on Business Analysis Planning aBII 8 1.8. 3 Section 4 on Requirements Elicitation and analysis 1. 8.4 Section 5 on Traceability and Monitoring 1. 8.5 Section 6 on Solution Evaluation 2 NEEDS ASSESSMENT…………,,,…,11 2.1 Overview of this section 2.2 Why Perform Needs Assessments . 2.3 Identify problem or Opportunity.ameaeeneeaneeemeaenaeeeeeeaanene 2.3.1 Identify Stakeholders tanas 12 2.3.2 Investigate the Problem or Opportunity . nn. B■■ma画画■画■画着国■■a画圆B 2.3.3 Gather relevant data to evaluate the situation ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 4 C2015 Project Management Institute. Business Analysis for Practitioners A Practice Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS 234 Draft the situation statement 4 2.3.5 Obtain Stakeholder Approval for the Situation Statement .. .. m .. 15 2.4 Assess Current State of the Organization. 2.4.1 Assess organizational Goals and objectivesmeataan. 16 2.4.1.1 Goals and objectives a..mmemmnenna.16 2.4.1.2 SMART Goals and objectives.e.mean...16 24.2 SWOT Analysis….…18 24.3 Relevant criteria mmw. 19 24. 4 Perform Root Cause Analysis on the Situation a tamama 20 2. 4.4.1 Five Whys 2442 Cause-and- Effect Diagrams…,,,…,…,,,,,20 2.4.5 Determine Required capabilities Needed to Address the situation an 25 2.4.5.1 Capability Tableeat 2. 4.5.2 Affinity Diagram 24.53 Benchmarking…,,,,,…,, 2.4.6 Assess current Capabilities of the Organization 5678 2.4.7 Identify Gaps in Organizational capabilities mmemEmamEmEAIamI 28 2.5 Recommend action to address business needs gmm 29 25.1 Include a High-Level Approach for Adding capabilities 29 2.5.2 Provide Alternative Options for Satisfying the Business Need..m., 29 2.5.3Identify ConstraintsAssumptions,and Risks for Each Option. 2.5.3.1 Constraints 2.5.3.2 Assumptions. 25.33 Risks mmmmm 30 2.5.4 Assess Feasibility and organizational Impacts of Each Option.mn 30 2.5.4.1 Operational Feasibility.aeaeaaemn. 31 2.5.4.2 Technology/System Feasibility ■■日_B画画aa画m■Ba■■■■■maaB■a■a■a■aBa 31 2.5. 4.3 Cost-Effectiveness Feasibility 31 25.44 Time feasibility ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■口■■■■■■■■口■■■■■■■■■■置■置 32 25.45 Assess Factors mmmmmmm 32 2.5.5 Recommend the Most viable Option n32 2551 Weighted Ranking…,,,,,…,,,,,,,,32 C2015 Project Management Institute. Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS 2.5.6 Conduct Cost-Benefit Analysis for Recommended option.mmma.nn. 34 2.5.6.1 Payback Period(PBP).. ■■■■量画 34 2.5.6.2 Return on Investment( ROI 2.5.6. 3 Internal Rate of Return(IRR)a eMei 34 2.5.6.4 Net Present value(NPv). 圆■■□■日■a■■画日目a日■■■aa■日■ 34 2. 6 Assemble the Business case …35 2.6.1 Value of the business case 3 BUSINESS ANALYSIS PLANNING 37 31 Overview of this section ■■■■目■■a■■■■ 37 32 The Importance of Business Analysis Planning,,,…………,37 3.2.1 Rationale mmmmm 38 3.2.2 Business Analysis Planning and Project Management Planning 3.3 Conduct or Refine the stakeholder Analysis 22 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■B■■■■■■■B■■■画■■ 3.3.1 Techniques for Identifying Stakeholders ■■■■■B■■■■■圆国_DL■B■■■■■■■■■■■■ 39 331.1 Brainstorming… 3.3.1.2 organizational charts ama nastaunnanatnmananantamannna 40 3.3.2 Determine stakeholder characteristics 3.3.2.1 Attitude 3.3,22 Complexity,,,,,,,,,,:,,,:,:,41 33.23 Culture ■■■■■B■■■■■■■B■■B■■m目a■■■■m■■■■量■■■■■■m■■ 3.3.2.4 Experience ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 3.3, 2.5 Level of influence 43 3.3.2.6 Location and Availability.ns 3.3.3 Techniques for Grouping or Analyzing Stakeholders ■■■ 3.3.3.1 Job Analysis mmmmmmmmsassmmm. 3.3.3.2 Persona analysis.emeenaeaea.. 3.3.4 Assemble the Stakeholder Analysis Results 3.4 Create the Business analysis Plan 46 3.4.1 Business Analysis Plan VS Requirements Management Plan amatan. 46 3.4.2 What to Include in the Business analysis Plan em aeeeeaeeeeeeneeennnn, 47 3.4.2.1 Determining the Proper Level of Detail amemnamn 48 3.4.3 Understand the Project Context ..m. C2015 Project Management Institute. Business Analysis for Practitioners A Practice Guide vIl TABLE OF CONTENTS 3.4.4 Understand How the Project Life cycle Influences Planning Decisions mmmmmmmm49 3.4.5 Ensure the Team is trained on the Project Life cycle emmeeneens.51 3.4.6 Leverage Past Experiences When Plannings. ■■■■■■■■■量■■ 51 3,4.,6.1 Lessons learned mmmmmmm. 51 3. 4.6.2 Retrospectives.saaaeenaeemeaeataeenent 51 34.7 Plan for elicitation mmmmmm 53 3.4.7 1 Strategies for Sequencing Elicitation Activities ......n. 54 348 Plan for Analysis,,,,.,.,,,.,,,,,,,,…54 3.4.9 Define the Requirements Prioritization Process 3.4.10 Define the traceability approach.saemeaaean 56 3411 Define the Communication Approach…,…mm,m…,57 3.4. 12 Define the Decision-Making Process.....mn... 58 3.4.13 Define the requirements verification and validation Processes . nmn. 58 3.4.14 Define the Requirements Change Process . 34.15 Define the solution Evaluation process 60 3.5 Plan the Business analysis Workeaasnsataaamamamaaninmmaa 61 3.5.1 Determine Who plans the business analysis Effort.a. 61 3.5.2 Build the business analysis Work Plan mmmnanaaamaaannaan 61 3.5.2.1 Identify the Deliverables.. ■■■■■■■日■■■■■■■■■■■■量■■■■■日■■国■■■国 61 3.5.2.2 Determine the tasks and activities 62 3.5.2.3 Determine the Timing and Sequencing of Tasks m.am.. 63 3.5.2.4 Determine the roles and responsibilities nea eeaenmt. 63 3.5.2. 5 Identifying the Resources mmmmamanananmamamnnnnm. 64 3.52.6 Estimate the work………,64 3.5.3 Assemble the business analysis Work plan.ecsaaennene. 65 3.5.4 Document the Rationale for the Business analysis approach mmm 67 3.5.5 Review the Business Analysis Plan with Key stakeholders mtama. 67 3.5.6 Obtain Approval of the business analysis plan mnanmnannnnannan 68 4. REQUIREMENTS ELICITATION AND ANALYSIS 69 4.1 Purpose of this section mmammmamarran 42 What it means to elicit information……m3:369 C2015 Project Management Institute. Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS 4.2.1 Elicitation Is More than Requirements Collection or Gathering..m. 69 42.2 mportance of Eliciting Information………… 43 Plan for elicitation……170 4.3.1 Develop the Elicitation Plan.mmmmnattamanma 71 4.3.1.1 Finding Information n■国■■■■■■■Bn■日■■a■口 4.3.1.2 Techniques for Eliciting Information ..mmmn. 4313 Sequencing the Elicitation Activities…… ■■■■■B■■■Dn■■Ba 4. 4 Prepare for Elicitations.. 4.4.1 Determine the objectives astaussamatmaanest mIsa 72 4.4.2 Determine the Participants………72 4.4.3 Determine the Questions for the session m 45 Conduct elicitation activities……waaa73 4.5.1 Introduction mmmmmmmmm 74 452Boy…,, 74 4.5.2.1 Types of questions 4.5.2.2 How to Ask the"Right" Questions..eea. 4523 Listening…,…,,,,m,m,m,,m,,…,,,,,m…,75 4.5.3 Close mm■ nnnnnnnnnnnD 4.5.4 Follow-Up 4.5.5 Elicitation Techniques. ■■■■自■■■■■■■■■■■a■■■■■■■■■日■■■■■■■n 4.5.5. 1 Brainstorming.mm 4552 Document Analysis…,… 4.5.5.3 Facilitated Workshops….,……78 45.54F0 cus Groups,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 4.5.5.5 Interviews 4.5.5.6 observation …82 4557 Prototyping…83 4.5.5. 8 Questionnaires and Surveys 85 4.6 Document Outputs from Elicitation Activities ■■■■■■■■■■■■日■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■置■■■■■■■■■■■ 86 4.7 Complete Elicitation 86 4.8 Elicitation Issues and challenges.at 87 4.9 Analyze Requirements. C2015 Project Management Institute. Business Analysis for Practitioners A Practice Guide 【实例截图】
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